/ z4 F, ?4 S& ]今年早些时候，德国马普分子生物医学研究所的Hans Schöler和研究小组利用单个转录因子OCT4，成功将小鼠成体神经干细胞回复到多能状态，能够产生其他类型细胞，包括生殖细胞。如今Schöler发现，OCT4同样能在人类细胞中诱导多能性。8 V0 f& C0 \7 o' s
/ M4 X! S1 F) l2 W" p研究人员利用携带单一人类OCT4或OCT4和KLF4的逆转录酶病毒感染人类胎儿神经干细胞（OCT4和KLF4是日本科学家山中伸弥于2006年最初进行iPS细胞诱导的4个因子中的2个）。感染后10到11周，研究人员在两种实验条件下均观察到了类似于人类胚胎干细胞的细胞培养。7 O7 d! i$ t, p) d( Q
/ j( k8 w5 k2 A0 J
进一步的检查显示，这些细胞表达人类胚胎干细胞标记，而且全基因表达类似于人类胚胎干细胞。在试管中，对多能性的严格测试证实这些细胞能够形成所有3种胚层。在活体内，这些细胞能够形成多种类型细胞，包括呼吸上皮细胞、骨骼肌细胞、软骨细胞以及神经上皮细胞。 5 \$ F# Q( b! [7 }: A$ U " k4 ~0 h3 m6 {哈佛医学院麦克林医院干细胞研究人员Kwang-Soo Kim说：“这是（干细胞）研究中另一个重要的里程碑。” ! @8 r( Q8 D. C) C! n: A! x0 ~ A( W5 D" t4 }. T美国斯克里普斯研究所的Sheng Ding表示：“证明OCT4足够用于人类细胞类型重组是一个重大的进步，进一步证实了早期在小鼠身上的类似发现。”（生物谷Bioon.com） , _* V7 S: U* ? 2 L# F7 S( ~7 m- l生物谷推荐原始出处： * C7 b8 {# l, w : l0 ~4 z7 \$ sNature advance online publication 28 August 2009 | doi:10.1038/nature084363 y2 L0 j; }7 A- `: }" W
+ R; s& g$ ~+ s5 X
Direct reprogramming of human neural stem cells by OCT4! g7 ^' ~$ E3 a) G8 ] N; G. a
# i( R2 e( v2 s: VJeong Beom Kim1, Boris Greber1, Marcos J. Araúzo-Bravo1, Johann Meyer2, Kook In Park3, Holm Zaehres1 & Hans R. Schöler14 y" |- ?* Z5 y* E I; k
: F% Z8 k% u. ^9 c/ U% A7 ?1 N1 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, R?ntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, NRW, Germany/ i' u8 y$ g& {$ v: U
2 Hannover Medical School, Department of Experimental Hematology, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany 8 |) ?" H; c3 ^" y9 g* y3 Department of Pediatrics, BK21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea 8 L7 s, J: C4 H/ k' C + x9 ?0 }( h) C% W" ? |+ m3 @Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been generated from mouse and human somatic cells by ectopic expression of four transcription factors (OCT4 (also called POU5F1), SOX2, c-Myc and KLF4)1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. We previously reported that Oct4 alone is sufficient to reprogram directly adult mouse neural stem cells to iPS cells8. Here we report the generation of one-factor human iPS cells from human fetal neural stem cells (one-factor (1F) human NiPS cells) by ectopic expression of OCT4 alone. One-factor human NiPS cells resemble human embryonic stem cells in global gene expression profiles, epigenetic status, as well as pluripotency in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate that the transcription factor OCT4 is sufficient to reprogram human neural stem cells to pluripotency. One-factor iPS cell generation will advance the field further towards understanding reprogramming and generating patient-specific pluripotent stem cells.1 g5 b, |% A" K. w' a) f; w9 s