# _! i J& `7 J8 z# s& z; S; k传统的化疗药物主要是通过筛选能杀灭分裂中肿瘤细胞的化合物。TSC理论认为,只要存在TSC,肿瘤就不可能治愈。所以,肿瘤治疗的焦点是杀伤TSC。但是TSC通常处于静止状态,只是在增殖时才开始快速分裂产生子细胞,所以,按照传统方法筛选出来的肿瘤治疗药物与杀灭TSC的要求差异巨大。针对TSC治疗肿瘤已经取得一定的进展:在80%前列腺癌中表达的特有标记前列腺干细胞抗原,是前列腺癌治疗很好的靶点。静脉注射前列腺干细胞抗原单克隆抗体治疗前列腺癌,可以延长荷瘤小鼠的存活时间,并基本抑制前列腺癌肺转移[24];针对肿瘤干细胞的重要位点Bmi1进行肿瘤免疫治疗的研究也正进行中[25]。; r5 r4 W. P3 C0 w
' M8 ?+ j& U. P' i/ o! o使用分子芯片技术,可分析TSC与他们相应成体干细胞基因表达特征的不同。利用这种差异,可能会出现既直接针对TSC,又能保护成体干细胞的治疗手段; 自体造血干细胞移植中,通过TSC的特征标记,可以去除污染的TSC。 8 N& w; g8 P( N) ?/ V# |) ~" E7 j! n; C/ o: u, A
5结语3 b J2 w$ E5 z" b
9 H. n+ h$ K4 |5 s5 u: K& f* J( |目前,在血液肿瘤、乳腺癌、脑肿瘤及前列腺癌中,TSC研究取得了一定的进展。但是,各种TSC的鉴定与分离、TSC特征以及TSC与成体干细胞的确切关系,迫切需要通过一些严谨而富有想象力的实验进行探索。TSC理论是肿瘤基础与临床理论上的突破,必将对肿瘤发生、发展的了解,以及肿瘤的临床诊断、治疗都带来深远的影响。6 t; D+ a" e- x2 z, f
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