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标题: Key Molecule for Stem Cell Pluripotency Discovered(附原文) [打印本页]

作者: huangcong1988    时间: 2011-5-30 11:34     标题: Key Molecule for Stem Cell Pluripotency Discovered(附原文)

本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2011-5-30 17:17 编辑 ) \+ m, D( W0 T8 N, e2 k$ z, c; r

8 ?4 Z" ]/ l4 R7 V' i& n: LScienceDaily (May 27, 2011) — Researchers of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch have discovered what enables embryonic stem cells to differentiate into diverse cell types and thus to be pluripotent. This pluripotency depends on a specific molecule -- E-cadherin -- hitherto primarily known for its role in mediating cell-cell adhesion as a kind of "intracellular glue." If E-cadherin is absent, the stem cells lose their pluripotency. The molecule also plays a crucial role in the reprogramming of somatic cells (body cells) into pluripotent stem cells.# r! ^$ O( `, e" v* p
Dr. Daniel Besser, Prof. Walter Birchmeier and Torben Redmer from the MDC, a member of the Helmholtz Association, used mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) in their stem cell experiments. In a first step they showed that the pluripotency of these stem cells is directly associated with the cell-adhesion molecule E-cadherin. If E-cadherin is absent, the stem cells lose their pluripotency. In a second step the researchers investigated what happens when somatic cells that normally neither have E-cadherin nor are pluripotent are reprogrammed into a pluripotent stem cell state. In this reprogramming technique, somatic cells are converted into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This new technique may help researchers avoid the controversies that come with the use of human embryos to produce human embryonic stem cells for research purposes.
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: p1 H# y4 m  T" FThe MDC researchers found that in contrast to the original cells, the new pluripotent cells derived from mouse connective tissue contained E-cadherin. "Thus, we have double proof that E-cadherin is directly associated with stem-cell pluripotency. E-Cadherin is necessary for maintaining pluripotent stem cells and also for inducing the pluripotent state in the reprogramming of somatic cells," Dr. Besser said. "If E-cadherin is absent, somatic cells cannot be reprogrammed into viable pluripotent cells." In addition, E-Cadherin can replace OCT 4, one of the signaling molecules until now considered indispensable for reprogramming.
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Next, the MDC researchers want to find out to what extent E-cadherin also regulates human embryonic stem cells. "Understanding the molecular relationships is essential for using human somatic cells to develop stem cell therapy for diseases such as heart attack, Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease or diabetes," Dr. Besser said.
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5楼原文 感谢zxmflying 提供
作者: 林大武    时间: 2011-5-30 12:59

nice
作者: 张也行    时间: 2011-5-30 13:26

"E-Cadherin can replace OCT 4, one of the signaling molecules until now considered indispensable for reprogramming"??
* s) H# P& W9 l, P真的假的?E-Cadherin在多能性的维持中发挥作用不是什么新鲜事。E-Cadherin对重编程有促进作用也有人研究过,但是E-Cadherin真的能替代Oct4吗?
作者: 张也行    时间: 2011-5-30 13:57

E-cadherin is crucial for embryonic stem cell pluripotency and can replace OCT4 during somatic cell reprogramming
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We report new functions of the cell-adhesion molecule E-cadherin in murine pluripotent cells. E-cadherin is highly expressed in mouse embryonic stem cells, and interference with E-cadherin causes differentiation. During cellular reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts by OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC, fully reprogrammed cells were exclusively observed in the E-cadherin-positive cell population and could not be obtained in the absence of E-cadherin. Moreover, reprogrammed cells could be established by viral E-cadherin in the absence of exogenous OCT4. Thus, reprogramming requires spatial cues that cross-talk with essential transcription factors. The cell-adhesion molecule E-cadherin has important functions in pluripotency and reprogramming.
3 C7 c! M: U) c求原文,求真相。http://www.nature.com/embor/jour ... l/embor201188a.html
作者: luoziwei    时间: 2011-5-30 15:08

E-cadherin?它只是细胞表面的一个不可缺少的分子,我觉得一个成功的iPS必须有E-cadherin存在,但说它能替代Oct,确实很新颖,这可能是细胞个体的差异吗?毕竟Oct在胚胎维持中的经典作用已经基本上得到大家的认可了。
作者: zxmflying    时间: 2011-5-30 16:50

原文
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作者: 张也行    时间: 2011-5-30 18:55

回复 zxmflying 的帖子7 ~! l5 ^. U% ?1 T, p+ F
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十分感谢
作者: huangcong1988    时间: 2011-5-30 19:03

回复 zxmflying 的帖子3 U" c! }& ?6 O) M" l/ f

. E" W2 X3 P2 b# T十分感谢
作者: tpwang    时间: 2011-5-30 21:32

本帖最后由 tpwang 于 2011-5-30 21:44 编辑
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luoziwei 发表于 2011-5-30 15:08 8 v7 m% N0 P  Z7 B" i2 O
E-cadherin?它只是细胞表面的一个不可缺少的分子,我觉得一个成功的iPS必须有E-cadherin存在,但说它能替代 ...
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' D6 U) o! [/ L, a) F1 S, S7 ]这篇文章的结果不是证明E-cadherin取代OCT4在细胞多潜能维持中的作用,而是证明能够取代外源性OCT4在重编程过程中的作用。作者对此现象的解释是,重编程涉及细胞间的空间作用与regulatory factors的相互作用,在这个互相作用中,很可能是E-cadherin的下游机制调控了内源性OCT4。
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Signalling events downstream from E-cadherin might provide a stimulus to upregulate endogenous OCT4. It is tempting to speculate that E-cadherin could control OCT4 through binding and sequestering b-catenin, that is, by modulation of canonical Wnt signalling.
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这篇文章结果的潜在机制意义是提示细胞多潜能维持以及重编程过程中,通过细胞表面机制与核基因调控的互相作用,细胞之间的空间关系起着重要的作用。这个推论符合常理,因为发育过程中的细胞多潜能状态和分化是在特定空间线索中的自然过程,自然也是研究体外多潜能维持和重编程的重要因素之一吧。
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作者: luoziwei    时间: 2011-5-30 22:22

我也赞同,细胞表面基质直接赋予一个细胞的niche,甚至直接通过filament或者骨架连接到细胞核,从而提供一个外部信号传导。同时,我也猜想,这种传导是很transient的,但是能量却是巨大的。我在哲学课上,曾经听到过一句话,“时间万物都是围绕物质、信息和能量表现的”。“能量”就像“利益”,因此,在我们的课题讨论上,我曾经提出过能量代谢、线粒体在stem cell中的意义,但可惜还得不到有关老师的关注,我很是遗憾。至今,仍然没有找到一种能跟踪细胞瞬时变化的办法,我也在追踪这方面的文献,希望有志者分享。
作者: aidiulgy9517    时间: 2011-5-30 22:24

回复 zxmflying 的帖子
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谢谢分享!怎么下载不了?能劳驾再传一次吗!
作者: 细胞海洋    时间: 2011-5-31 08:26

回复 aidiulgy9517 的帖子  o+ ^( [% s4 L

. w3 O* w  ?4 }9 u; Z不要使用迅雷 使用浏览器默认下载
作者: aidiulgy9517    时间: 2011-5-31 09:36

回复 细胞海洋 的帖子6 V  v6 J: ~" i6 U* g

5 |0 k/ N" a# @- F8 d6 |谢谢海洋版主,昨天可能电脑问题,网页上没有出现下载标识的文章题目,故未能下载。现已正常下载。再谢!
作者: 张也行    时间: 2011-5-31 16:18

回复 luoziwei 的帖子
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6 m6 \& ?9 G8 m% S) \师兄我对这个也很感兴趣,我的主要兴趣在于多能性相关的因子的动态变化,但相信你说的能量变化肯定和核心调控元件--如Oct4,Nanog,Sox2有关。希望以后能多多探讨!
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我对你的回复有一点不太理解:体内不同的细胞在干细胞周围形成一个niche,sure!但是怎么在体外细胞整体上是均一的,如何形成niche呢?
作者: tpwang    时间: 2011-5-31 16:30

回复 luoziwei 的帖子8 u# Y  F, f6 i/ y4 C

9 Y# B- u/ Q" i! n! r1 }/ u( I"我曾经提出过能量代谢、线粒体在stem cell中的意义"( f5 i% z: z% N( P( _
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线粒体与干细胞的关系有人在研究,容易查到文献。
作者: huangcong1988    时间: 2011-5-31 17:10

回复 张也行 的帖子
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6 s$ ?0 y6 I7 x+ s8 o或许作者有些用词真需要商酌,我也觉得,在重编程过程中不用oct4而用E-cadherin能产生iPS只能说在重编程过程中E-cadherin的作用很重要,但它不能说明E-cadherin能完全取代oct4,能完全替代oct4的功能。
作者: cicadacjk    时间: 2011-5-31 19:47

回复 张也行 的帖子
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事实上因为胚胎干细胞存在极少数不成熟的线粒体,所以我们推测重编程过程中会伴随着线粒体合成的逐渐关闭,这对于形成低ROS环境有利(这是针对luoziwei的讨论)。回到这篇文章,效率估计低到令人发指,主图中并没有插入鉴定的图,这都不太正常;这个无敌的附加材料我码字到现在还没下完,先这样。
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作者: 张也行    时间: 2011-5-31 21:04

本帖最后由 张也行 于 2011-5-31 21:06 编辑
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5 b/ c( Y) i+ {/ a回复 cicadacjk 的帖子6 s1 r0 Y# J" v

) h) S' U: m/ Y5 m. t/ y恩 所谓替代其实也是通过某种通路激活Oct4,Oct4是多能性的终端,“条条大路通罗马”,关键是他们实验室把细胞连接与Oct4联系到一块还是很新颖的。$ ^  j' k; T/ o; g1 z
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可能反而是咱们否定太多,反而错过了新发现的机会。
作者: bin    时间: 2011-6-2 18:37

回复 luoziwei 的帖子
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你提出的观点很新颖,我们从来没有思考过。




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