胚胎干细胞周期调控的研究进展

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蒋斯博，陈　柳，李凌松*
2 Z7 [' f7 v* C' D( e# {(北京大学干细胞研究中心，国家级国际联合研究中心，北京 100191) $ p  ~+ X/ [/ P- v+ B
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摘　要：胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells，ESCs)具有自我复制和多潜能分化的特性。相对于体细胞，胚胎干细胞的细胞周期调控非常特别。比如，G1期较短；p53、RB等调控细胞周期“检验点”的蛋白分子功能“异常”等。胚胎干细胞细胞周期调控的研究对于研究胚胎干细胞的自我复制和多潜能性，都具有重要指导意义。该文将重点比较体细胞和胚胎干细胞在细胞周期调控方面的差异, 并对近年来有关小鼠和人胚胎干细胞的细胞周期调控的研究进展进行介绍。
8 X$ o% ]1 K% Z) b4 W9 L关键词：胚胎干细胞；细胞周期；p53；microRNA9 g* d, D3 k' Q; x  R
中图分类号：Q253; Q813　　文献标识码：A
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6 V4 H" i: e; S+ V9 G  v8 yThe progress on regulation of cell cycle in embryonic stem cells
; Q# }- j$ `/ c: IJIANG Si-bo, CHEN Liu, LI Ling-song* * y/ {5 q; I* U- d! i
(Stem Cell Research Center, National Center for International Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China )
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Abstract: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can self-renew and differentiate into all kinds of cells from different germ layers. In addition, ESCs differ from somatic cells in the cell-cycle regulation. For instance, ESCs have short G1 phase, they do not have such check-points as p53 and RB. Understanding cell cycle regulation in ESCs will provide insight into the underlying mechanism regarding the regulation of ESC self-renewal and pluripotency. This review will emphasize on the difference in cell cycle regulation in somatic cells versus ESCs, and update our understandings for regulation of cell cycle in mouse and human ESCs.
( R* K" V: y2 J( a/ a# A" t2 RKey words: embryonic stem cell; cell cycle; p53; microRNA