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A Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition Initiates and Is Required for the Nuclear Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts 8 t" S3 Q/ w. h- ]
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process important for cell fate determination. Fibroblasts, a product of EMT, can be reset into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via exogenous transcription factors but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we show that the generation of iPSCs from mouse fibroblasts requires a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) orchestrated by suppressing pro-EMT signals from the culture medium and activating an epithelial program inside the cells. At the transcriptional level, Sox2/Oct4 suppress the EMT mediator Snail, c-Myc downregulates TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptor 2, and Klf4 induces epithelial genes including E-cadherin. Blocking MET impairs the reprogramming of fibroblasts whereas preventing EMT in epithelial cells cultured with serum can produce iPSCs without Klf4 and c-Myc. Our work not only establishes MET as a key cellular mechanism toward induced pluripotency, but also demonstrates iPSC generation as a cooperative process between the defined factors and the extracellular milieu.
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% {9 o$ n w! ~! m作者简介:
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裴端卿,清华大学长江学者特聘教授。聘任岗位:细胞生物学。博士生导师。 % S( N* @% k0 ?
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个人简介 " x' s/ }/ u4 Z, r
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教育
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& c+ t$ G/ c8 c1 K 1991-1995 美国密西根大学博士后
% P2 d, R/ Q8 m* E& @ 1985-1991 美国宾西法尼亚大学博士
+ I- Y; T/ V: ]% w4 b 1980-1984 华中农学院学士 " m2 ]& P+ w: }. u a
5 {. k; K6 |' H( k( u' U9 S 专业工作经历
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! L) A I3 M7 R/ O X u { 2002- 清华大学教授 2 R4 g$ @/ a8 i b
1996-2004 美国明尼苏达大学助理教授,副教授
/ H' r' o6 K; J$ I" V 1995-1996 美国密西根大学研究员 # N0 n! ^( @2 W: q
. D2 g% K8 [4 I" J; f: ~ 研究兴趣 p2 B/ X6 y3 `* m4 ^2 i+ y
! U' ?0 G3 m% e5 F9 r, v) e 1.蛋白质在正常与癌细胞里的运送机制
1 O8 @- i1 ^" P- t8 V( Z 2.EGFR 的信号传导机制与肺癌
4 b3 R% K# |0 w& y) r5 C0 B& @ 3.干细胞的全能性调控机制 |
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