Stem Cell Reports:乳腺癌干细胞的状态影响癌症的扩散性

坤明

最近发表在Stem Cell Reports上的一项研究报告称，乳腺癌干细胞存在两种状态，这两种状态的转换在癌细胞转移中起重要作用。该研究为治疗恶性乳腺癌开辟了新的道路。
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　　该文章的通讯作者密歇根大学综合癌症研究中心的Max S. Wicha博士称，乳腺癌的致死原因之一就是其具有转移性，了解乳腺癌细胞转移过程对治疗乳腺癌至关重要。我们最近的研究发现乳腺癌干细胞与癌症转移有关。
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　　首先癌症干细胞在肿瘤区域之外会形成上皮细胞间质化的状态(epithelial-mesenchymal transition，EMT)。该状态的癌细胞具有侵染性，能够进入血液，传播到其他器官。
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　　一旦到了其他器官之后，干细胞会进入第二个截然不同的状态，即间质细胞上皮化(mesenchymal-epithelial transition，MET)状态。该状态的细胞能够生长，复制，最终产生新的肿瘤。
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　　Wicha博士称，癌症干细胞需要这两种状态才能迁移并在其他器官生长。如果干细胞被阻断在某一状态，不能转换的话，癌症就不能转移。
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　　Wicha博士补充道，我们知道了癌症干细胞的两个状态，我们采用生物标记物能够更好的标记不同状态的细胞，确定治疗的有效性。
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! i5 c2 H& K! x& F, K. s　　尽管本研究集中在乳腺癌干细胞上，但是Wicha博士相信该发现对其他类型癌症的治疗也有借鉴作用。
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坤明

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5 i4 j; J9 `+ @. F/ n& S, rBreast Cancer Stem Cells Transition between Epithelial and Mesenchymal States Reflective of their Normal Counterparts8 n& P( B; m0 M2 u' I. \6 N$ w4 t
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　　Suling Liu, Yang Cong, Dong Wang, Yu Sun, Lu Deng, Yajing Liu, Rachel Martin-Trevino, Li Shang, Sean P. McDermott, Melissa D. Landis, Suhyung Hong, April Adams, Rosemarie D’Angelo, Christophe Ginestier, Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret, Shawn G. Clouthier, Daniel Birnbaum, Stephen T. Wong, Ming Zhan, Jenny C. Chang, Max S. Wicha; o! l* Q5 O2 ]: {# }6 z6 m

" N" S( S4 r8 {　　Previous studies have suggested that breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) mediate metastasis, are resistant to radiation and chemotherapy, and contribute to relapse. Although several BCSC markers have been described, it is unclear whether these markers identify the same or independent BCSCs. Here, we show that BCSCs exist in distinct mesenchymal-like (epithelial-mesenchymal transition [EMT]) and epithelial-like (mesenchymal-epithelial transition [MET]) states. Mesenchymal-like BCSCs characterized as CD24?CD44+ are primarily quiescent and localized at the tumor invasive front, whereas epithelial-like BCSCs express aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), are proliferative, and are located more centrally. The gene-expression profiles of mesenchymal-like and epithelial-like BCSCs are remarkably similar across different molecular subtypes of breast cancer, and resemble those of distinct basal and luminal stem cells found in the normal breast. We propose that the plasticity of BCSCs that allows them to transition between EMT- and MET-like states endows these cells with the capacity for tissue invasion, dissemination, and growth at metastatic sites.8 X7 r" r7 l" ~. `1 V6 Z

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% F+ y* K% j5 I! m+ u9 q你好，请问这个有全文吗？还是只是一个报道？# B3 t9 m, K; c3 F5 ^