Stem Cell Rep：干细胞疗法或可靶向治疗骨关节炎

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生物谷   2015/06/12 * z$ E' F$ d5 n
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2015年6月12日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日，发表在国际杂志Stem Cell Reports上的一篇研究论文中，来自约克大学的研究人员通过研究在开发治疗关节炎的新型疗法上取得了突破性的进展；文章中研究者鉴别出了可以进行组织、软骨及骨质再生的单一干细胞。! _" P6 B( ~6 }
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干细胞往往混合于人类的骨髓间质细胞（MSCs）中，但其在表象上却和MSCs非常相似，研究者一般很难将二者区分开来，这项研究中，研究者通过分离MSCs并且对其特性进行了分析，最终鉴别出了一类特殊的干细胞，这些干细胞可以进行损伤软骨及关节组织的修复，从而或为开发治疗关节炎的新型疗法带来帮助。
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同时研究者还在骨髓中分离到了一类罕见的干细胞亚群，其并没有进行组织修复的能力但却在免疫功能的发挥上可以扮演重要角色。研究者Paul Genever博士表示，目前干细胞疗法# ]. t6 t+ Y5 V9 z9 D) @! p2 h
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或许是一种用于治疗骨关节炎的新兴疗法，而似乎我们进行干细胞疗法就好象买彩票一样，因为我们并不知道这种疗法是否可以给患者带来最实际的效益。& S& g. ?7 H1 k
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本文也那就或可帮助我们确定哪些细胞可以进行组织、软骨及骨质的再生，对于开发治疗骨关节炎的靶向疗法将带来革命性的进展；目前在英国有800万人饱受骨关节炎的疼痛折磨，而且研究人员也在不断努力开发环节疾病的新型疗法；本文研究中研究者所鉴别出的干细胞或可帮助进行组织的再生及修复，为后期开发可注射、安全及高效治疗的新型疗法治疗骨关节炎或带来极大帮助。
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doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.05.005! L" c3 O) i, ~* D. F
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+ Z7 K& q+ ^' e1 q& i9 }0 w+ TMultiparameter Analysis of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Identifies Distinct Immunomodulatory and Differentiation-Competent Subtypes . W2 V6 V0 i1 T3 n) ^1 C
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Sally James5, James Fox5, Farinaz Afsari, Jennifer Lee, Sally Clough, Charlotte Knight, James Ashmore, Peter Ashton, Olivier Preham, Martin Hoogduijn, Raquel De Almeida Rocha Ponzoni, Y. Hancock, Mark Coles, Paul Genever" C: R9 w8 }& C1 X  o* c; _) n
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7 V! I* X- W: kBone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also called bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells) provide hematopoietic support and immunoregulation and contain a stem cell fraction capable of skeletogenic differentiation. We used immortalized human BMSC clonal lines for multi-level analysis of functional markers for BMSC subsets. All clones expressed typical BMSC cell-surface antigens; however, clones with trilineage differentiation capacity exhibited enhanced vascular interaction gene sets, whereas non-differentiating clones were uniquely CD317 positive with significantly enriched immunomodulatory transcriptional networks and high IL-7 production. IL-7 lineage tracing and CD317 immunolocalization confirmed the existence of a rare non-differentiating BMSC subtype, distinct from Cxcl12-DsRed+ perivascular stromal cells in vivo. Colony-forming CD317+ IL-7hi cells, identified at ∼1%–3% frequency in heterogeneous human BMSC fractions, were found to have the same biomolecular profile as non-differentiating BMSC clones using Raman spectroscopy. Distinct functional identities can be assigned to BMSC subpopulations, which are likely to have specific roles in immune control, lymphopoiesis, and bone homeostasis.
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