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Secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines by mesenchymal stem cells
' b! B) i# f' z Q4 J5 C/ hDobroslav Kyurkchiev, Ivan Bochev, Ekaterina Ivanova-Todorova, Milena Mourdjeva, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Kalina Belemezova, Stanimir Kyurkchiev，Dobroslav Kyurkchiev, Ekaterina Ivanova-Todorova, University Hospital “St. Ivan Rilski”, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Sofa, 1431 Sofa, Bulgaria
( k C3 Q- }6 H+ GIvan Bochev, Ob/Gyn Hospital “Dr Shterev”, 1330 Sofa, Bul-" d- C# x( ^9 t: Z$ O% E- ^
garia 9 Y% k! I% m3 S+ y
Milena Mourdjeva, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Laboratory of Mo-" ]2 K/ {$ n" g1 I* y
lecular Immunology, Institute of Biology and Immunology of Re-1 r8 j- d [. c4 S# G$ S, k
production, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofa, Bulgaria4 N, ~$ X* K) y D& x$ T
Kalina Belemezova, Stanimir Kyurkchiev, Tissue Bank “BulGen”, 1330 Sofa, Bulgaria, o1 K. V1 ?- D1 y
Author contributions: All the authors contributed to the research and in the preparation of the paper; Kyurkchiev D was also responsible for designing and editing the review.
* f' g/ I0 C! j, oCorrespondence to: Dobroslav Kyurkchiev, MD, PhD, As-& D) M& F' D; F7 L2 K
sociate Professor, University Hospital “St. Ivan Rilski, Depart-
- f( W/ J+ H# O+ a3 i/ Bment of Clinical Laboratory and Clinical Immunology, Medical
; c/ ~+ x2 A, B- H, J$ EUniversity of Sofa, 15 “Acad. Ivan Geshov” Str., 1431 Sofa,
& [; A: S9 i7 EBulgaria. dsk666@gmail.com
( k1 E( U. q# M( BTelephone: +359-2-85249573 x0 R5 C/ ~/ y* b& W; Q
Received: July 14, 2014 Revised: August 20, 2014& e' ?5 y5 ], [' K2 g0 q0 @4 b u
Accepted: September 4, 2014. U# X0 s% b: N
Published online: November 26, 2014: [/ {, y( g C
Abstract
9 t/ O; A. k9 d/ e; ?According to the minimal criteria of the International
# A4 P+ m) p1 c6 DSociety of Cellular Therapy, mesenchymal stem cells
9 s8 G! Y+ N0 @2 n5 d1 @' l(MSCs) are a population of undifferentiated cells de-5 Q _( `: ~) B. r
fned by their ability to adhere to plastic surfaces when
8 y0 \9 t' _ j; y& o5 p% ^% E8 acultured under standard conditions, express a certain ( g3 i# L0 \0 C2 u7 M
panel of phenotypic markers and can differentiate into ; ]* {( f7 X9 @
osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages
/ I4 G9 x$ M* c5 |3 H3 Pwhen cultured in specific inducing media. In parallel ( W% H' ?# K: \0 _6 {+ `
with their major role as undifferentiated cell reserves, 3 \5 p* V2 x" }- o4 `) g0 E
MSCs have immunomodulatory functions which are
X9 x% ]. P6 p, t$ c6 Xexerted by direct cell-to-cell contacts, secretion of cy-
( v9 Y b- X! K# @2 N* y/ Htokines and/or by a combination of both mechanisms.
# v, J. M+ d e1 x3 U7 hThere are no convincing data about a principal differ-
$ v) }/ A4 d0 v3 S+ M3 Qence in the profle of cytokines secreted by MSCs isolat-8 }/ h' R3 u' l* {3 x
ed from different tissue sources, although some papers 8 ]; G3 b2 ~& ^4 i6 {# g
report some quantitative but not qualitative differences
: s, G. ?' c# rin cytokine secretion. The present review focuses on 3 V( v, j4 R6 W
the basic cytokines secreted by MSCs as described in + k& L* H. J9 e7 b
the literature by which the MSCs exert immunodulatory 8 u$ i! I% {1 @+ A
effects. It should be pointed out that MSCs themselves
" T3 i- S# {9 Z1 |0 s6 gare objects of cytokine regulation. Hypothetical mecha-
4 D$ Z! q0 D& n' @ Snisms by which the MSCs exert their immunoregula-: |# e- F# O8 j7 w5 K$ \
tory effects are also discussed in this review. These . N# [7 q9 y$ u$ b2 \
mechanisms may either influence the target immune 6 ?5 ^/ e) b* `! Q
cells directly or indirectly by affecting the activities of u. |! y8 @& _, I! h& e# v% l
predominantly dendritic cells. Chemokines are also dis-
/ a3 W5 y8 l: X* W; y" p$ {cussed as participants in this process by recruiting cells ! X; ~& c# h" `* d/ B. R N7 v
of the immune systems and thus making them targets 1 a* D2 T- T. G! |
of immunosuppression. This review aims to present and
- _( t# V/ F- W( Fdiscuss the published data and the personal experience 1 E s' v2 k( S* k" g, S
of the authors regarding cytokines secreted by MSCs
/ V/ A4 ]. V% M z! |and their effects on the cells of the immune system. 9 Z$ n$ {/ f+ p
© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.5 G6 e1 i& \: o7 p
Key words: Mesenchymal stem cells; Immunomodula-; `" A, q9 |( U9 T5 G- f8 a; E
tion; Cytokines; Chemokines; Dendritic cells6 b' p5 \0 l9 Q/ _- a
Core tip: Autoimmune diseases affect approximately 5%
. m, f! Q: T& U, ~of the human population, leading to serious disability - E: W6 }! K$ W' u
and effective methods to treat these diseases are still
" M# P C* o) @not perfect. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are as-
# A9 i' p. Y- @: K' \sumed to be promising agents, both for regenerative
1 [% H, E0 I. H1 _& {+ fmedicine and cell therapy for autoimmune disorders. * |( L: C2 X5 [5 `8 m1 y& K
Under the influence of some factors, mesenchymal ( U6 c/ r3 J; D- q; y t% D
stem cells secrete cytokines which induce suppression
e( ], f/ M2 g+ }of the immune response. Studies on the secreted cy-4 `0 n3 Y& |8 k9 m
tokines and the precise mechanisms involved in these
# h4 X9 ?0 ~. |; O- msuppressive mechanisms would create possibilities for
! C: C: j. W# P, C! z+ R2 Z Veffcient application of MSCs as a therapeutic means for , Z$ d F3 \# s1 t# P
treatment of autoimmune diseases. ) l( G( u8 `! }, l& S
Kyurkchiev D, Bochev I, Ivanova-Todorova E, Mourdjeva M,
; u# E! G( F; P$ i3 `REVIEW) p% F6 f) l2 A
Submit a Manuscript: http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/' g8 Y/ c' f4 ` {3 b
Help Desk: http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/helpdesk.aspx f1 d, ?4 O5 c" M
DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i5.5524 k# L1 K, [, F$ X+ _8 ]+ n% d, q
World J Stem Cells 2014 November 26; 6(5): 552-570' l7 j2 M- X2 i' }4 M5 X
ISSN 1948-0210 (online)
- c8 f- i# z9 u7 N4 p9 i& W( T© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. |
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发表于 2014-12-7 23:28
