视黄酸和骨骼形态发生有关的蛋白质信号可增强人的胚胎干细胞向表皮分化的

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视黄酸和骨骼形态发生有关的蛋白质信号可增强人的胚胎干细胞向表皮分化的效率$ I. k! q' {; W. z- ~
说明：原文来源自stem cell由干细胞之家新闻小组成员sun_happone翻译（转帖请注明）". Q, C9 Q, ?, s- f. N
人的胚胎干细胞能分化成各种体细胞，包括多层上皮，尽管其分化为表皮的分子机制目前还不是很清楚。在此，我们介绍一种新颖的方法即视黄酸能使人的胚胎干细胞向表皮分化。视黄酸能使角蛋白18和转录因子p63的表达显著提高，这涉及到表皮的形态发生和外胚层的质量，尽管这会抑制早期神经标记物的转录。视黄酸诱导的人的胚胎干细胞能有效的分化为角蛋白14，尽管这个效果依赖于与骨骼发生有关的蛋白质信号通路的微环境。此外，这些人的胚胎干细胞来源的角质细胞可以再次培养以获得纯的角质细胞，这些角质细胞能够保持终极分化能力。这些发现表明：视黄酸在人胚胎干细胞向上皮分化过程中起着非常重要的作用。+ P* e! T& W) X, a# M
原文：Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can differentiate to various somatic lineages, including stratified squamous epithelia, although the molecular mechanisms of epithelial specification from hESCs currently remain undefined. Here, we demonstrate a novel, stage-specific effect of retinoic acid (RA) on epithelial differentiation of hESCs. RA strongly upregulated expression of keratin 18 and the transcription factor p63, which is involved in epidermal morphogenesis and ectodermal specification, while repressing early neural marker transcription. RA-induced hESCs efficiently differentiated to keratin 14-expressing epithelial cells, although this effect was dependent upon on the context of bone morphogenetic protein signaling. Furthermore, these hESC-derived keratinocytes could be subcultured to obtain relatively pure keratinocyte populations that retained the capacity to terminally differentiate. These findings suggest that RA plays an important role in epithelial differentiation of hESCs
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个人翻译，理解不准确的语句还望大家积极指出# ]8 d% C6 d0 N# F3 K6 p

sun_happone

谢谢，翻译正在学习中。。。。

sun_happone

呵呵，谢谢不吝赐教