双城记后传——双“干细胞”记

deron

主题：骨壁龛和造血壁龛——两种干细胞的故事3 J1 P8 \. h# d3 l; p5 A
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说明：原文来源自BLOOD，由干细胞之家新闻小组成员deron翻译（转帖请注明）。; ^- g  z( y  T+ H5 E9 F

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随着（造血）干细胞壁龛研究势头的复苏，骨髓微环境中多细胞组分扮演的角色成为了亮点。在起初关注造骨细胞和血窦内皮细胞之后，最近对HSC壁龛细胞的探索已经进展到骨先质细胞（骨干细胞、间充质干细胞）所扮演的特殊角色上。骨先质细胞的失调会导致HSC的失调，在这一观察结果的给力支持下，结合各类实验研究的数据，（研究者）完成了对HSC壁龛骨先质细胞作用的统一。作为血窦屏障中驻留的前骨细胞和周围内皮细胞，骨前体统一了成骨细胞壁龛和窦状隙壁龛两个概念。另外，它们将骨骼和造血生理上的交叉调节，归根于两种干细胞（造血和骨骼）共同在一个单独壁龛里相互作用。作为造血空间形成、窦状隙发展和造血功能的直接调节者，同时也是作为HSC（比如造骨细胞和脂肪细胞）的正负调节者的前体，骨前体成为复杂可塑的壁龛里的关键组分。在原始无脊椎体系中发现的决定性干细胞壁龛中，这一点似乎呈现一种进化上的优势。; g% {4 c% T- Q" H0 A
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原摘要：The revived interest in (hematopoietic) stem cell niches has highlighted the role of multiple cellular players found in the bone environment. Initially focused on the role of osteoblasts and sinusoid endothelial cells, the quest for HSC niche cells has more recently evolved into consideration of a unique role for osteoprogenitor cells (skeletal stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells). Strongly validated by observations of HSC dysregulation dictated by dysregulation of osteoprogenitors, the role of osteoprogenitors in the HSC niche integrates data from different studies into a unified view. As pre-osteoblastic, peri-endothelial cells residing at the sinusoid wall, skeletal progenitors reconcile the notions of "osteoblastic" and "sinusoidal" niches with one another. In addition, they bring into focus the cross-regulation of skeletal and hematopoietic physiology as rooted into the interplay of two stem cells (hematopoietic and skeletal) sharing a single niche. As direct regulators of hematopoietic space formation, sinusoid development, and hematopoietic function(s), as well as direct progenitors of positive and negative regulators of HSCs such as osteoblasts and adipocytes, skeletal progenitors emerge as pivotal organizer of a complex, highly plastic niche. This seems to represents an evolutionary advance over the deterministic stem cell niches found in archetypal invertebrate systems.  T- e, s2 ^0 W5 w  l: I
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原文链接：http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21406722（求原文）
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求指点：因为不懂生理，很多地方还是一头雾水，敬请大家指正

deron

回复 tpwang 的帖子1 N0 W/ T8 s: F6 R' ]
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谢谢，每次都承蒙您的指正