Science：骗子与先驱，干细胞领域诞生最奇怪科学组合 - v4 L, M' K) D$ B# O) @
来源：生物360 / 作者：koo / 2015-02-12
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+ k, L6 l* {9 @- f3 r; XShoukhrat Mitalipov (left), of Oregon Health & Science University and MitoGenome Therapeutics, shakes hands with Woo Suk Hwang of Sooam Biotech Research Foundation in Seoul (second from right) and two others to seal a cooperative research agreement. & T+ m% H0 n/ K, [5 _6 S
一家韩国新闻报纸报道称，曾谎称构建出与人类患者相匹配的胚胎干细胞的著名“造假”科学家黄禹锡（Woo Suk Hwang）与真正实现这一壮举的科学家Shoukhrat Mitalipov打算开展联合研究。根据报道，一家中国的再生医学公司将为他们提供资金支持。
$ O( S" }& N t4 E; I! ]- S两位科学家看起来像一对奇怪的科学组合。2006年，黄禹锡不得不撤回了发表在《科学》（Science）杂志上的两篇研究论文，在这两篇文章中他的研究小组声称采用克隆“多利羊”（ Dolly the sheep）的技术，构建出了与罹患各种疾病的特定患者相匹配的人类胚胎干细胞。在调查人员确定了所有宣称的成果均为伪造之后，黄禹锡被首尔国立大学开除，并在随后被判定挪用了科研经费以及违背了生物伦理。他逃脱了监禁而被判处缓刑。% q( i! O; g0 h. T* k* Y9 K0 _6 l( R/ [
自其身败名裂之后，黄禹锡在位于首尔、由朋友们专门为他设立的一家私人研究机构——Sooam生物技术研究基金会中静静地继续他对动物、尤其是宠物狗的克隆研究。尽管他声称的研究成果被首尔国立大学的专家小组判定为是欺诈，2014年2月美国专利商标局还是批准了黄禹锡制造胚胎干细胞方法的一项专利。9 y' \2 k* K- d! d' g
俄勒冈健康与科学大学的Mitalipov近年来在灵长类动物干细胞研究中取得了一系列的突破性成果。2013年他报告称利用多利羊技术（更正式的叫法为体细胞核移植技术），获得了来自克隆人胚胎其中包括来自一名罹患遗传性疾病婴儿的干细胞。近期他还发表了数篇关于利用基因替代来预防遗传性线粒体疾病的研究论文。据说他还创立了MitoGenome Therapeutics公司促使他的研究成果商业化。
a/ p7 J3 p& m6 P0 X! P在所谓的独家采访中，黄禹锡告诉韩国的《东亚日报》（Dong-A Ilbo newspaper），他、Mitalipov和中国博雅干细胞集团(BoyaLife Group)的首席执行官许晓椿（Xiaochun Xu）已同意联合开展克隆机制研究。拥有许多干细胞和再生医学研究及商业项目的博雅干细胞集团，将为此投入9300万美元的资金。
' [, Z$ f! A8 M7 l( n《东亚日报》说，初期的研究工作将把重点放在动物克隆上，但最终将转向用人体材料开展研究。这家报纸引用黄禹锡的话说：“Mitalipov的专长是灵长类动物干细胞。我的专长则是细胞核移植。因此我们认为如果能够联合他与我的专长，我们将可以在治愈母系遗传病上取得突破性的成果。”黄禹锡说他们将把实验室设置在中国以避开韩国严格的生物伦理监管。3 _$ ?7 p* j) {/ C
Sooam生物技术研究基金会的一位官员在电子邮件中确证了新闻报纸的报道是真实的。博雅干细胞集团发出了一些照片，表明黄禹锡和Mitalipov于1月13日在韩国的济州岛完成了签约仪式。Mitalipov尚未对此做出确认回复及发表评论。
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) k6 i, m/ t5 u( s- I9 WBy Ahn Mi-Young Dennis Normile 10 February 2015 1:00 pm 1 Comment- ]6 b! v8 O: c0 O1 g& S2 A8 I
The scientist who once fraudulently claimed to have created embryonic stem cells matched to human patients and the one who really did it plan to conduct joint research, a Korean newspaper reported this morning. A Chinese regenerative medicine company will provide financial support, according to the account.
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The two scientists would seem an odd match. In 2006, Woo Suk Hwang had to retract two papers published in Science in which his team claimed it had used the technique employed in cloning Dolly the sheep to create human embryonic stem cells matched to specific people who had various diseases. After investigators determined all the claims were bogus, Hwang was fired from Seoul National University and later convicted of embezzling research funds and bioethics violations. He escaped jail time with a suspended sentence. Since his downfall, Hwang has quietly continued his cloning work on animals, particularly pet dogs, at Seoul-based Sooam Biotech Research Foundation, a private institute friends established specifically for him." |. `. D% u& E+ m
/ S! ]- ?3 R7 xDespite his claims being deemed fraudulent by a Seoul National University panel, Hwang was awarded an American patent covering his technique in February 2014. Shoukhrat Mitalipov, of the Oregon Health & Science University in Portland, made a series of breakthroughs in primate stem cell research in recent years. He reported in May 2013 using the Dolly technique, known more formally as somatic cell nuclear transfer, to derive stem cells from cloned human embryos, including from a baby with an inherited disorder. More recently he has published several papers related to gene replacement to prevent inherited mitochondrial diseases. He also founded MitoGenome Therapeutics, reportedly to commercialize his work./ J% W& x5 A" Z8 I. o! S
9 ^4 ^3 ^2 L% \9 [4 B& f& O4 vHwang, in what is billed as an exclusive interview, now tells South Korea's Dong-A Ilbo newspaper that he, Mitalipov, and Xiaochun Xu, CEO of Boyalife Group of Wuxi, China, have agreed to jointly work on the mechanisms of cloning. Boyalife, which has a number of stem cell– and regenerative medicine–related research and commercial efforts, will put up about $93 million.
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The newspaper says initially work will focus on animal cloning but eventually move on to work with human materials. Mitalipov's "strength is in primate stem cells. My specialty is in cell nuclear transplantation. So we've agreed that if we combine his strength with mine, we can create a breakthrough outcome in curing maternal line genetic disease, on which he is now focusing," the paper quotes Hwang as saying. Hwang said they will place their laboratory in China to avoid Korea's strict bioethics regulations. 0 I& o' R- [! c$ o I- h! M
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An official at Sooam confirmed in an e-mail that the newspaper story was accurate. A Boyalife official sent pictures indicating that a signing ceremony with Hwang and Mitalipov took place in Jeju, South Korea, on 13 January. Mitalipov has not yet replied to requests for confirmation and comment.# {4 x7 m9 [! |% S4 w+ |
, H! ^/ _& u3 `5 ~- d# G b3 UAhn Mi-Young is a freelance writer in Seoul.- o7 Q$ b. u2 r
9 F. Q: j2 \ X; l0 f! I" nPosted in Biology, People & Events, Scientific Community- b6 m% n3 E8 t9 i) a. ?2 v, n
http://news.sciencemag.org/biology/2015/02/stem-cell-pioneer-joins-forces-stem-cell-fraudster |
发表于 2015-2-13 09:22
