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苹果首席执行官乔布斯近日因胰腺癌再次宣布病休。不过，癌症遗传学专家们周四称，发现了一些与乔布斯患上同样罕见形态的胰腺癌的患者还可生活很多年的原因。# ?5 O/ f3 A z3 s( c6 n: L
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他们辨别出一些新的基因，当其发生特定变异时，胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤的危害程度相对下降。) l* E) F: c6 w
# X" J. E' B0 K约翰霍普金斯大学的研究团队在《科学》期刊中发布报告称，出现此类基因变异的病人生存的时间较其他形态变异的病人生存时间长出一倍。
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; s2 x8 e& N8 u0 y* o4 b此次研究的带头人之一Nickolas Papadopoulos在电话采访中表示：“这是对癌症新的分子学观点。胰腺癌的基因构成可决定病人的病情。”+ x$ |( S/ @" B. Z, M/ _: N% u T- C
' Y& Z; Y0 S% s' K% @$ l8 f胰腺癌是一种严重的致命性癌症，患病五年内病逝的患者高达95%。据美国癌症学会数据，每年美国的胰腺癌确诊患者将近3.7万人，死亡人数达到3.4万。2 c, i8 c/ m, Y! x. T
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不过多数病例属于恶性腺瘤。胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤仅占胰腺癌的5%，较容易治疗，且病症较轻，大约40%的病人患病10年後仍未过世。（来源：生物通） ! Z6 i* T5 t5 D' s) {9 d
Published Online 20 January 2011
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+ E3 B+ y* F2 s8 f9 NDAXX/ATRX, MEN1, and mTOR Pathway Genes Are Frequently Altered in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
! f' \$ |1 Q: i4 v' ehttp://www.sciencemag.org/conten ... /19/science.1200609
7 e7 I" r) y J& t2 t: |Abstract) F# }, X' E/ ]* W; L; h7 r/ b
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (PanNETs) are a rare but clinically important form of pancreatic neoplasia. To explore the genetic basis of PanNETs, we determined the exomic sequences of ten nonfamilial PanNETs and then screened the most commonly mutated genes in 58 additional PanNETs. The most frequently mutated genes specify proteins implicated in chromatin remodeling: 44% of the tumors had somatic inactivating mutations in MEN-1, which encodes menin, a component of a histone methyltransferase complex; and 43% had mutations in genes encoding either of the two subunits of a transcription/chromatin remodeling complex consisting of DAXX (death-domain associated protein) and ATRX (alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked). Clinically, mutations in the MEN1 and DAXX/ATRX genes were associated with better prognosis. We also found mutations in genes in the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway in 14% of the tumors, a finding that could potentially be used to stratify patients for treatment with mTOR inhibitors.
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发表于 2011-1-29 21:10
