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Secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines by mesenchymal stem cells
9 ^: ?8 R3 `/ Y w3 Q4 B0 u tDobroslav Kyurkchiev, Ivan Bochev, Ekaterina Ivanova-Todorova, Milena Mourdjeva, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Kalina Belemezova, Stanimir Kyurkchiev，Dobroslav Kyurkchiev, Ekaterina Ivanova-Todorova, University Hospital “St. Ivan Rilski”, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Sofa, 1431 Sofa, Bulgaria
8 C5 }. H3 A( n8 o0 l' FIvan Bochev, Ob/Gyn Hospital “Dr Shterev”, 1330 Sofa, Bul-
# Q7 ?; [" B5 ^1 a9 zgaria
2 _6 G! ]; w% a8 x2 Y; KMilena Mourdjeva, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Laboratory of Mo-
7 x0 _, ?/ i; m: Nlecular Immunology, Institute of Biology and Immunology of Re-
! [6 | l( M* k) Y3 Y& K" \production, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofa, Bulgaria( p; c( V. P: @/ ~
Kalina Belemezova, Stanimir Kyurkchiev, Tissue Bank “BulGen”, 1330 Sofa, Bulgaria4 e5 Y& D, c3 l) o0 ~ M7 `+ M
Author contributions: All the authors contributed to the research and in the preparation of the paper; Kyurkchiev D was also responsible for designing and editing the review. o% J9 j: }1 a8 h( ~& I. P! l# x! j2 n
Correspondence to: Dobroslav Kyurkchiev, MD, PhD, As-2 h: F* R( A/ |/ j( A8 B! v
sociate Professor, University Hospital “St. Ivan Rilski, Depart-
! K" C8 P0 k$ ~% g7 nment of Clinical Laboratory and Clinical Immunology, Medical
1 t9 e8 d4 M+ U6 |! L7 B' ZUniversity of Sofa, 15 “Acad. Ivan Geshov” Str., 1431 Sofa,
9 C7 f } ]8 a1 C' z4 j9 }. }& _2 vBulgaria. dsk666@gmail.com
|& `+ b6 i( E; x, D# |8 DTelephone: +359-2-8524957
% Z) d- O* `7 Y4 h) q6 m" A2 J% W$ LReceived: July 14, 2014 Revised: August 20, 2014
1 I5 {3 ]' t; x* v# {6 }5 w' l1 y' ~8 pAccepted: September 4, 2014
3 v( h7 o9 C/ C& I1 OPublished online: November 26, 2014/ H# z2 B. U& q& Q
Abstract) D% p& ]6 H1 K* f% d
According to the minimal criteria of the International w0 Z; M2 W' _- m- z5 n. N
Society of Cellular Therapy, mesenchymal stem cells 2 X5 H- h# q0 C; c6 H
(MSCs) are a population of undifferentiated cells de-
0 j9 I1 m( H- `, Xfned by their ability to adhere to plastic surfaces when
4 J5 l: U2 c$ l* g; J) Xcultured under standard conditions, express a certain : {9 f& H$ a2 F
panel of phenotypic markers and can differentiate into
5 B' y! u5 H9 }! o3 Dosteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages ( B" Z1 J& ?& c6 l# y: J4 E1 s
when cultured in specific inducing media. In parallel $ i( \ ~0 k& q( `
with their major role as undifferentiated cell reserves,
, y. B u) a0 ]( U- \MSCs have immunomodulatory functions which are ! |& M S6 k3 V5 g' b! a
exerted by direct cell-to-cell contacts, secretion of cy-- s4 U( c8 I5 Y. b3 }
tokines and/or by a combination of both mechanisms.
. F5 z& O' |7 [$ I$ ZThere are no convincing data about a principal differ-' }$ z. K. p, v- q4 O: B
ence in the profle of cytokines secreted by MSCs isolat-
6 }0 O$ W+ }4 n- p" bed from different tissue sources, although some papers
$ G. ~) h' z3 B R9 O1 preport some quantitative but not qualitative differences : S5 `4 t4 J% U0 z6 @% r
in cytokine secretion. The present review focuses on
* M, W) h( H( ~9 i8 vthe basic cytokines secreted by MSCs as described in
# ^4 V. ?+ a# Othe literature by which the MSCs exert immunodulatory
. r3 E1 }$ m `3 E! e( o/ ieffects. It should be pointed out that MSCs themselves
% ~8 O n0 W" x0 nare objects of cytokine regulation. Hypothetical mecha-
8 G+ D4 {' m! P- N0 s$ Y: \" W, A4 X4 @nisms by which the MSCs exert their immunoregula-
; g0 E2 v* L ~7 [5 ?tory effects are also discussed in this review. These 4 R7 W+ y) }; x! M1 s! |
mechanisms may either influence the target immune ^/ E$ \* S* @
cells directly or indirectly by affecting the activities of
% [$ b! d* d- u: f( r$ Ipredominantly dendritic cells. Chemokines are also dis-& z" [, a# r* V( J" X
cussed as participants in this process by recruiting cells * U: Z* X4 O! D9 S+ u
of the immune systems and thus making them targets # M/ |" N# P. \0 F) o
of immunosuppression. This review aims to present and , m4 C8 D* e# d7 l7 w
discuss the published data and the personal experience 2 O' }' }4 q# m! J9 F
of the authors regarding cytokines secreted by MSCs
! O& q8 V3 S: T6 E( l& A* Aand their effects on the cells of the immune system.
" X* ?+ J7 f) C+ g/ t8 Y© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
; b( ^; W5 u) ?" o; t+ D$ d' DKey words: Mesenchymal stem cells; Immunomodula-
3 F9 k9 y* L) a. s% dtion; Cytokines; Chemokines; Dendritic cells
+ J; Y8 Q3 r' a; X7 H4 KCore tip: Autoimmune diseases affect approximately 5% - M" H+ i. A5 a1 q& w6 k( w( J
of the human population, leading to serious disability . K( k" M2 L3 C& B/ ~
and effective methods to treat these diseases are still 8 b9 f6 [2 ^& W9 T: N( ^
not perfect. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are as-
0 Q! D1 J4 w- K2 Ssumed to be promising agents, both for regenerative
' k8 i. C- L- ymedicine and cell therapy for autoimmune disorders. * G6 }9 V' }6 ^$ Z
Under the influence of some factors, mesenchymal
5 f/ H# P* }* M( y! @3 \: zstem cells secrete cytokines which induce suppression & U, Z8 j9 g C% u" W7 |
of the immune response. Studies on the secreted cy-; c( q, D2 e0 q( \
tokines and the precise mechanisms involved in these 2 |3 s) K) v" K+ Z$ }. G
suppressive mechanisms would create possibilities for * r+ y- x O+ |2 t& ~$ C _
effcient application of MSCs as a therapeutic means for
5 d+ y# n9 }& y0 M- Y2 y1 Ttreatment of autoimmune diseases. % b2 S+ U* `/ K& o; @! z, Q
Kyurkchiev D, Bochev I, Ivanova-Todorova E, Mourdjeva M, 8 X( D. W% U) ?! t
REVIEW
& o5 m) k+ j, i) XSubmit a Manuscript: http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/0 x3 S/ y9 n/ j& y% Z9 S
Help Desk: http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/helpdesk.aspx: S; b& \! F( R& @
DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i5.5529 Q# q2 J. c/ u; I: L+ q
World J Stem Cells 2014 November 26; 6(5): 552-570: w2 h$ C0 G6 z/ W* f7 B9 E$ b
ISSN 1948-0210 (online)
* I3 x* w7 c$ M& B; V$ {© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. |
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发表于 2014-12-7 23:28
