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% K7 d! ~% n- q J& u1 lNEWS & VIEWS/ p: z% e' c7 ?! d$ Q3 r- a: X! E
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* O$ m+ ?. p- A" a0 s8 YEvolutionary biology: Genomic hourglass pp768 - 769
4 d6 Q' F! ?* q8 X. K7 v; fComparative genomics studies reveal molecular signatures of the 1 r. m7 t- R9 o
controversial 'phylotypic' stage — a time when embryos of members of $ ^: x3 L# A& Z3 H
an animal phylum all look more alike than at other embryonic stages.
+ G3 M* c5 T; {! a- z( u0 {See Letters p.811 & p.815) i. v, C! T* v6 J( |
Benjamin Prud'homme and Nicolas Gompel
" w: s: q, J; _0 B/ e5 a) qdoi:10.1038/468768a* @2 w; F5 ^: m% K
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468768a.html
7 |7 o0 j0 g; R E* \/ T/ {6 N# H( i }( o3 L% d
Quantum physics: Hot entanglement pp769 - 770
6 n9 P8 m- T) r0 U6 p$ E, X3 BQuantum entanglement has been observed at low temperatures in both * {- S' h: q7 h; F/ w
microscopic and macroscopic systems. It now seems that the effect can 4 y; q2 Y! Y2 s( g* l# t; e
also occur at high temperatures if the systems are not in thermal
. ^$ F) u# z2 n5 T3 D* sequilibrium.3 m8 y* ~0 B l
Vlatko Vedral
7 |2 A9 F# L/ R- g0 h# Jdoi:10.1038/468769a, S& P* s: l* ?6 N+ L) {
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468769a.html) D+ g" Z9 M5 s) M( _% H
# M/ ~# S: ~* e& G7 n1 g( SCancer: Tumour stem cells switch sides pp770 - 771 a( ]2 [$ a5 [ l5 q8 N2 C) b
Tumour stem cells are proposed to be the source of tumour cells. It % p. J, m/ e& b* j1 Y* o8 U
now emerges that they also give rise to the endothelial cells that : V1 }& ]1 C$ B7 s+ E9 ~# n
line the tumour vasculature, mediating tumour growth and metastasis.
! t6 T9 q, \- q7 SSee Letters p.824 & p.829
" q0 m5 H9 v$ m; uVictoria L. Bautch
% Z8 H' F2 F% w! x$ g2 u; c- _doi:10.1038/468770a5 r- s3 {+ y" n" _+ T% H' {) D1 H
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468770a.html
) b+ M, c5 x- f+ v1 ?. Q, l/ f' U2 [& j9 d* I
50 & 100 years ago p772
9 v6 }9 R0 M& p4 [doi:10.1038/468772a* `/ x8 z" R' G/ e
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468772a.html
% c1 u+ S6 Y) X2 [$ U1 L3 ]7 b( @7 }; }9 O' i9 s6 @
Cosmology: Hydrogen was not ionized abruptly pp772 - 773+ A% k5 ?. I% s5 R6 P3 w- {
When and how the first stars and galaxies ionized the primordial 7 F. q7 n6 n q, V( H4 Z
hydrogen atoms that filled the early Universe is not known.
+ b r- d4 k$ |6 cObservations with a single radio antenna are opening a new window on . D; R; y1 p3 G( e; M; ~5 \* q
the process. See Letter p.796- w7 S' z, N* N4 E' V
Jonathan Pritchard and Abraham Loeb/ l% R# }, @0 j- D& o6 x
doi:10.1038/468772b
& d# ?* s% L# y% i+ UArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468772b.html
& [/ a. J( e2 j' t, q9 t5 F& f" }$ S: f6 \( k/ s+ I6 S2 D
Virology: One protein, many functions pp773 - 7757 u6 ~4 T0 s' y
The Lassa virus nucleoprotein coats the viral genome to make a % J- O' q5 \! z( U% m/ Q" @* Z: n
template for RNA synthesis. A study shows that it also binds the 'cap' a$ p( B, u% B& t( ?3 _, P
structure of cellular messenger RNAs and directs immune evasion using - U6 }( p$ P$ Q
a novel mechanism. See Article p.779
+ [0 ^. p* R: A5 D- aFélix A. Rey
1 l5 y- [8 X" d" Q" Kdoi:10.1038/468773a
3 p0 h+ g5 j$ X0 W) kArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468773a.html
0 S3 ]+ j. o( v' y) ~7 U5 v7 O( G. g! r! k! E
Solar system: Pluto is again a harbinger pp775 - 7767 A1 Y+ t( f: u' l7 M
New astronomical and laboratory data show that the abundances of the
% _7 k" e, V; E3 ~* I9 K, }two dominant ices, nitrogen and methane, on the surfaces of the Solar , ?( [# w& u2 U2 e& k
System's two largest dwarf planets are surprisingly similar — raising
/ P, u& \' x6 d& @0 lfresh questions., I1 O& g9 l( _* u
S. Alan Stern* B7 m' E/ K' }" D( O
doi:10.1038/468775a
2 w3 J9 Q5 g3 J% \- R S3 iArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468775a.html
* U# M, F' u2 L \1 C7 m3 J' R5 h! v# h/ D% Y
Glaciology: Greenland's glacial basics pp776 - 777
0 c0 m1 y2 Z1 @. SSliding of the Greenland ice sheet is affected by the production of 2 D" ^3 A: j, T4 j% v# o5 z
surface meltwater. A new theory shows that whether the result is a % @; B+ W1 }3 |1 n% b# p
long-term speed-up or slow-down of ice motion depends on the
, b" y L7 j$ Y8 uvariability in melt input. See Letter p.803- Q7 _1 M/ y7 g0 B( C) E
Martin P. Lüthi; Q, D% T! ~2 ]$ r
doi:10.1038/468776a
* ^. f; e" `% H3 @, Y* zArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468776a.html# U P8 t/ B2 A( p/ o: q# W
( S6 w/ H+ j. ? O. k: \* U' ]----------------------* c+ y% q$ r% o6 G- o- ?- c. B
ARTICLES- |2 t8 c* A+ J; w, h
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Cap binding and immune evasion revealed by Lassa nucleoprotein ; @0 \; H4 Z, [
structure pp779 - 7834 W; G% ?2 Z- k
The first crystal structure for an arenavirus nucleoprotein is solved,
3 {: H, d E; l7 G4 _: a6 @revealing some new functions. The C-terminal domain has 3′ to 5′
8 ^( C; L. c! d9 M7 ]( O0 Z! lexonuclease activity, and it is confirmed that Lassa virus # ?- C. b0 {1 `
nucleoprotein is capable of cleaving short RNAs and suppressing virus- ( g! b' ~ i" t B' p
induced interferon induction. The N-terminal domain contains a unique 6 N: s1 C: ^4 B
cap-binding feature, which has implications for understanding the
( x( Q% w: Z( _, Y' e7 udistinctive cap-snatching mechanism of arenaviruses.
t- ^( Y" h, J/ dXiaoxuan Qi et al.# W" }+ H2 i$ w5 Z6 y
doi:10.1038/nature096056 K" Q5 L5 J5 F B
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09605.html
5 t* t9 e7 H; O; x$ t* qArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09605.html( U# k$ c! Y7 _: b: a! q4 b
9 A: A3 g, B2 a. _
Structure of a bacterial ribonuclease P holoenzyme in complex with 8 ~$ { A9 ]+ t2 F- M* v6 K. @9 E
tRNA pp784 - 789. J" P5 h) D! H' ]
tRNAs are synthesized in a premature form that requires trimming of
! Y9 v4 B% O) P2 c9 _( C* @the 5′ and 3′ ends and modification of specific nucleotides. RNase - H5 y) Q2 {+ O$ O& a6 i# y' }
P, a complex containing a long catalytic RNA and a protein cofactor, 5 S: |# G* q. Q) F% \
catalyses the cleavage that generates the mature 5′ end. Here, the * y' {" s: V( j+ ?( ?9 @7 P
structure of RNase P bound to mature tRNAPhe is solved. Recognition of
# S$ H$ @# n! c: ], R3 Othe leader sequence and its mechanism of cleavage is determined by
& L, l* Q# N2 G* \soaking an oligonucleotide corresponding to the premature 5′ end into ( j6 U% u4 A4 B) E, A% j" j
the crystal.0 w$ _6 n. c1 S3 p( P' B
Nicholas J. Reiter et al.
6 `5 t; T( ?$ g4 X0 k& s' n5 \doi:10.1038/nature09516
" N/ u w \8 OAbstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09516.html v/ K' K& h9 U! y/ F/ a
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09516.html
& i3 R( K) t. R0 T2 P# I$ t G q0 _" R0 k# z( _# I
Quantitative reactivity profiling predicts functional cysteines in " o( N M* ~6 ]0 U: y; Y x8 {: o8 W
proteomes pp790 - 795) V$ X4 _( Z& I1 V
Cysteine is the most intrinsically nucleophilic amino acid in + q% ~) f" f; M; Z5 ]
proteins, but the absence of a consensus sequence that defines
2 h. y( l5 w8 f( [: E, G( W5 zfunctional cysteines in proteins has hindered their discovery and ( q4 b- t2 |" _
characterization. Here, a proteomics method to quantitatively profile % {* m/ g3 d' y; R, m
the intrinsic reactivity of cysteine residues directly in native % X [( h" A; X! K; B
biological systems is described. Hyper-reactive cysteines were
% y2 v6 @9 Q# Yidentified in several proteins of uncharacterized function, including . } F( j7 O$ I V/ O& J7 r
a residue conserved across eukaryotes that is shown to be required for 4 Q+ _. }' b5 C
yeast viability and involved in iron–sulphur protein biogenesis.
/ j7 m+ @+ A, JEranthie Weerapana et al.+ x3 o# Q; G# u1 y
doi:10.1038/nature09472* [2 I. n+ }. K) Q! p
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09472.html
- S$ Z B9 t, e- E& UArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09472.html |
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发表于 2010-12-9 15:14
发表于 2010-12-9 17:12
