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2 m. ]8 k9 A4 }8 a( c----------------------
, }$ [) c" ?5 z6 y% sNEWS & VIEWS
* c- P! h9 m7 Z1 d. L5 f1 _+ Y: l----------------------
8 _% H Q3 f# ]" g1 A4 VEvolutionary biology: Genomic hourglass pp768 - 7691 Y/ ]" A" Q! p- g; q0 n s7 }8 D
Comparative genomics studies reveal molecular signatures of the
# b% o @, C9 `- ]% B7 L1 Fcontroversial 'phylotypic' stage — a time when embryos of members of
$ L3 m4 d: |9 k+ r7 Dan animal phylum all look more alike than at other embryonic stages. ! O W. U! n$ q6 g k
See Letters p.811 & p.815' h( T6 M1 ^! g8 e. `) t, q" Z) x
Benjamin Prud'homme and Nicolas Gompel* b) K! u( m. A+ D2 I Z
doi:10.1038/468768a4 Z5 `' v _+ F
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468768a.html
* y/ h" }8 B! D0 e
* S5 q0 p: R. h. u; N- W8 E/ B8 hQuantum physics: Hot entanglement pp769 - 770
# `8 _3 D5 V* I$ E7 \- iQuantum entanglement has been observed at low temperatures in both # Q0 E& o: @7 e, C/ H; O N/ n
microscopic and macroscopic systems. It now seems that the effect can 8 l' x2 @' u8 h' {8 I2 X, t
also occur at high temperatures if the systems are not in thermal 8 Z$ M! Z" x, `3 e$ n
equilibrium.- Q8 w9 f ^$ ]2 U- T2 G& k
Vlatko Vedral: g) U% ]. m* ?: Y: w
doi:10.1038/468769a
( H3 F1 E$ |2 O. y) fArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468769a.html
( U4 ~& x) S+ W9 z1 s
+ E$ ?: J7 @" ] mCancer: Tumour stem cells switch sides pp770 - 771. N$ f1 M; p- h0 t; G! e
Tumour stem cells are proposed to be the source of tumour cells. It
$ V# f/ P: R) y$ B6 anow emerges that they also give rise to the endothelial cells that % [: q7 E' a( E
line the tumour vasculature, mediating tumour growth and metastasis. # ~6 b* g& j! n; o' r6 u* B. v8 I" B# t, v
See Letters p.824 & p.829
8 F" e8 w# N- G& ^$ r5 o! VVictoria L. Bautch/ T) c7 z/ @: c7 Z' Q% m
doi:10.1038/468770a
* R% d D; N. p7 I2 ], n' C- E# bArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468770a.html
, b) E- m0 O; @+ R
7 A: q/ f" ]' Q6 X50 & 100 years ago p772
! S$ [1 x' c$ T9 g$ Q+ `; q# F( |doi:10.1038/468772a
7 _ ^5 U0 j5 g: f5 y1 nArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468772a.html6 n+ g9 `2 O5 R$ V9 Z N
% N) g. W5 s- R" A: ^# R& NCosmology: Hydrogen was not ionized abruptly pp772 - 773
0 `; n) a. f6 |( [% B0 X% P" m) aWhen and how the first stars and galaxies ionized the primordial * F* I; g* Y9 o2 D% f& M
hydrogen atoms that filled the early Universe is not known. ' r4 u: D+ V3 z( d1 A+ P4 l: e
Observations with a single radio antenna are opening a new window on ! ?1 P8 W& S( T; Z+ B
the process. See Letter p.796. C! Y- ~- {! e8 d4 t W
Jonathan Pritchard and Abraham Loeb3 ~/ T: T" l/ h7 i
doi:10.1038/468772b6 M+ G0 D' ^; p; b' h" @2 x" q
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468772b.html( ? h0 Z" o7 [8 P
6 I1 Q, b- L4 o3 | c# M2 a0 oVirology: One protein, many functions pp773 - 775# R3 f6 s! M T6 n! m+ F$ n$ Z
The Lassa virus nucleoprotein coats the viral genome to make a 0 C9 D+ K4 T' K8 q' z* ]
template for RNA synthesis. A study shows that it also binds the 'cap' 1 p0 q3 e7 U, H3 P; w5 ~
structure of cellular messenger RNAs and directs immune evasion using
7 o7 }; f& x$ ia novel mechanism. See Article p.779, r' V; J& e" X" {4 x6 I6 u+ `9 K9 b
Félix A. Rey5 R* J. k# K. w
doi:10.1038/468773a: g- k+ u! S1 b0 n e. a# S
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468773a.html4 g/ \" n, ?! p
) V' ^: s/ k, O9 ESolar system: Pluto is again a harbinger pp775 - 7764 R/ W: P1 |, ^* ]% X7 K; i. g
New astronomical and laboratory data show that the abundances of the & u( b; U. Q# d* L3 A- U' m
two dominant ices, nitrogen and methane, on the surfaces of the Solar
8 F) m' X$ c; q8 {( r, `System's two largest dwarf planets are surprisingly similar — raising ) a) k* U+ F* @7 c1 w$ x3 k
fresh questions.
" \. ~2 n; ?6 `5 W9 F, hS. Alan Stern
' k: W* S2 w8 q5 vdoi:10.1038/468775a) J! \+ w5 N4 A/ B" e, H- Y
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468775a.html
, _8 E$ n* M& M. i h9 x% c( T0 [! y# }% B/ U
Glaciology: Greenland's glacial basics pp776 - 777& I+ ~3 p" \# Y: `1 g
Sliding of the Greenland ice sheet is affected by the production of
+ r5 _+ q' ^/ @3 J) \surface meltwater. A new theory shows that whether the result is a
' n W. ?: c) I* xlong-term speed-up or slow-down of ice motion depends on the
3 ]0 K3 q% r3 L, e" F" v: w/ Pvariability in melt input. See Letter p.803
8 v2 j& r8 B& z9 rMartin P. Lüthi
# q$ s* a' {* O2 A0 ^6 ?doi:10.1038/468776a
7 d$ G; H% L6 G$ ^$ M1 o; sArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468776a.html6 [$ k4 C1 _; S* W' s
9 U7 m% L% b/ u. [----------------------
4 D# ]! W8 l* B$ XARTICLES
# t7 S1 L! O6 r: V----------------------; K+ d) p* o( n0 ^7 M# r
Cap binding and immune evasion revealed by Lassa nucleoprotein ) Y) t/ u: l! q* t9 D
structure pp779 - 783
+ ]( b. U# a0 F- B9 _2 x- {- V" yThe first crystal structure for an arenavirus nucleoprotein is solved, ( e& q/ ~' {$ g: {0 n
revealing some new functions. The C-terminal domain has 3′ to 5′
, }% U1 D' ?' X% j* y7 Z2 Jexonuclease activity, and it is confirmed that Lassa virus
! S, X, @. y7 |. Inucleoprotein is capable of cleaving short RNAs and suppressing virus-
; V5 W' G ]* ~1 xinduced interferon induction. The N-terminal domain contains a unique 5 g4 l4 j! k( m1 A8 m8 P& T- I$ H& N
cap-binding feature, which has implications for understanding the 6 V$ s- R( [# x0 y, {* F$ i
distinctive cap-snatching mechanism of arenaviruses.# c, [& f0 t8 W; d
Xiaoxuan Qi et al.9 o; \+ e* l* o
doi:10.1038/nature09605
0 s9 {7 K. W( u; i; V2 W# NAbstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09605.html
t( C5 T# j% s! b; [$ c, ~Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09605.html( W% Q+ ?4 W2 L+ e0 X
/ d, e$ o5 X) p
Structure of a bacterial ribonuclease P holoenzyme in complex with
4 y. O" X* ^# q5 ^$ ?+ mtRNA pp784 - 789% I, N6 y# ~# E
tRNAs are synthesized in a premature form that requires trimming of ; `# ]( M N4 M( Z3 z5 D
the 5′ and 3′ ends and modification of specific nucleotides. RNase
- r$ }% a c8 x' AP, a complex containing a long catalytic RNA and a protein cofactor, 2 |6 j( L& H1 k9 Y: b8 s
catalyses the cleavage that generates the mature 5′ end. Here, the
# k1 U# U* c& L K! istructure of RNase P bound to mature tRNAPhe is solved. Recognition of
; I, \" @2 f- ^4 B5 `7 f& Ythe leader sequence and its mechanism of cleavage is determined by
& n3 t k# K$ D8 f5 ksoaking an oligonucleotide corresponding to the premature 5′ end into
5 _1 r8 n' x I% Tthe crystal.
5 x4 v4 M& w6 }Nicholas J. Reiter et al.8 N6 R$ ]( n5 h1 u
doi:10.1038/nature09516+ k. I2 e* }/ H" H, }+ m3 a: M4 b3 L
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09516.html) C4 Q/ z T7 q! Z$ q3 x' p2 S
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09516.html
6 r0 l. T; {7 ?! G2 o& D$ y+ k1 B) n+ o- M" ^" P/ `4 B" B- r
Quantitative reactivity profiling predicts functional cysteines in # E/ H) ~0 V8 X5 X' J. H
proteomes pp790 - 795
; R! Q8 [" J% n: u( kCysteine is the most intrinsically nucleophilic amino acid in 8 h. U! H" W; M) p0 I3 h+ H
proteins, but the absence of a consensus sequence that defines
3 ?0 R1 X6 C' f3 |5 Pfunctional cysteines in proteins has hindered their discovery and 7 K. y9 S0 m, c8 g' I- |& p' a- \ A
characterization. Here, a proteomics method to quantitatively profile
; J2 K; @1 t: Y" d* N; ^ Tthe intrinsic reactivity of cysteine residues directly in native
+ I( n0 P. |! l8 U; kbiological systems is described. Hyper-reactive cysteines were ; s' W/ E$ ?' X, Z& T' Y
identified in several proteins of uncharacterized function, including
" P1 r* A- I7 p8 B+ G6 Ba residue conserved across eukaryotes that is shown to be required for / S8 N- d+ h! e% R7 A# C
yeast viability and involved in iron–sulphur protein biogenesis.
0 y( |$ g- Y1 [9 G! q( zEranthie Weerapana et al.2 ]" W; n# N; S; l
doi:10.1038/nature094725 j$ i0 N5 T% L# _, H: b8 Q
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09472.html
$ Y" |4 c# ~2 cArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09472.html |
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发表于 2010-12-9 15:14
发表于 2010-12-9 17:12
