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来源 新华网 2009-9-9 9:37:58
9 _6 R+ X8 o; M! O$ R美国斯坦福大学研究人员7日说,与皮肤成纤维细胞相比,脂肪干细胞更容易转变为人工诱导多功能干细胞(iPS细胞),而且所转变的iPS细胞安全性更高,将来有望利用脂肪干细胞培育人体所需的各种器官。# T: c# v- M: F& D% p+ L
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iPS细胞是指体细胞经过基因“重新编排”,回归到胚胎干细胞的状态,从而具有类似胚胎干细胞的分化能力。培育iPS细胞涉及4种转录因子(Oct4、Sox2、Klf4和c-Myc)的表达,而在皮肤成纤维细胞中,这4种转录因子基本不表达或表达水平很低。4 |- M8 }. d. g! K" \
4 s K% \+ [, P6 H" U j; y8 P& ^- V斯坦福大学研究人员发现,脂肪干细胞内两种转录因子的表达水平高于皮肤成纤维细胞,这表明,在初始状态下,脂肪干细胞更容易被诱导。
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9 ]- U: X# Z3 \4 T* g) j8 o研究人员在脂肪干细胞和皮肤成纤维细胞中分别加入能够编码4种转录因子的基因后,约有万分之一的皮肤成纤维细胞转变为iPS细胞,而转变为iPS细胞的脂肪干细胞比例达到千分之二,是前者的20倍。利用脂肪干细胞培育的iPS细胞也通过了有关测试,它们能够分化成人体内的神经细胞、肌肉细胞以及肠上皮细胞等。
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此外,利用脂肪干细胞培养iPS细胞不需要饲养细胞,这无疑提高了其安全性。所谓饲养细胞,是指在体外的细胞培养中,单个或少量的细胞不易生存与繁殖,必须加入其他活细胞才能使其快速繁殖,加入的细胞即为饲养细胞。3 b) C5 @, Z- B" `2 t
* {% [+ `/ s) q( J1 l这项研究成果7日刊登在新一期美国《国家科学院学报》上。负责这项研究的斯坦福大学干细胞生物学和再生医学研究所副主任迈克尔·隆加克尔说,脂肪干细胞是一种“伟大的自然资源”,将来有望利用这种细胞培育人体所需的各种器官。(生物谷Bioon.com)
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生物谷推荐原始出处:
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6 x S) D$ C6 r- {$ i6 jPNAS September 8, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.09084501061 h5 h6 |! a8 {9 u4 ~' l
T ]1 h" z" d& l9 LFeeder-free derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells from adult human adipose stem cells
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1 O9 i3 `+ f( h9 DNing Suna, Nicholas J. Panettab, Deepak M. Guptab, Kitchener D. Wilsona, Andrew Leea, Fangjun Jiaa, Shijun Hua, Athena M. Cherryc, Robert C. Robbinsd,e, Michael T. Longakerb,f,1 and Joseph C. Wua,e,g,1* I8 K2 Y$ Y* F& O
^5 z) \/ A; {9 faDepartment of Radiology,
: `9 m. X+ e' I/ b. vbDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery,+ c4 S5 K0 U+ [1 G7 m7 [
cDepartment of Pathology,1 k( D3 l6 m6 r2 j; g$ X: a
dDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery,% _* {" t% Y. F( j6 M* G; R1 W& r8 `6 T
eCardiovascular Institute of Medicine,
, u5 p8 e. b7 G2 `! W, MfInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and' P$ y" t% x% {' K$ r! d8 R
gDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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Ectopic expression of transcription factors can reprogram somatic cells to a pluripotent state. However, most of the studies used skin fibroblasts as the starting population for reprogramming, which usually take weeks for expansion from a single biopsy. We show here that induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated from adult human adipose stem cells (hASCs) freshly isolated from patients. Furthermore, iPS cells can be readily derived from adult hASCs in a feeder-free condition, thereby eliminating potential variability caused by using feeder cells. hASCs can be safely and readily isolated from adult humans in large quantities without extended time for expansion, are easy to maintain in culture, and therefore represent an ideal autologous source of cells for generating individual-specific iPS cells. |
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