拟胚体形成人的羊水干细胞依赖于mTOR信号通路

sun_happone

说明：原文来源自Oncogene由干细胞之家新闻小组成员sun_happone翻译（转帖请注明）"( J5 W" V7 Q5 @- ^
人的羊水干细胞具有很强的增殖能力和分化潜能，也不会引起与人的胚胎干细胞相关的伦理问题。形成三维的拟胚体EB是诱导胚胎干细胞分化的第一步。应用c-kit阳性的人的羊水干细胞系，我们在这里说明这些干细胞具有形成EB的潜能。作为两个激酶复合物的一部分，m TORC1和m TORC2,雷帕霉素对哺乳动物的靶向是重要信号通路的关键成分，它涉及细胞的增殖、生长、肿瘤形成和分化的调节。通过抑制剂雷帕霉素或通过特定的干涉RNA的方法阻碍细胞内的mTOR的活性表明人的羊水干细胞拟胚体的形成依赖于m TORC1和m TORC2。这些发现表明人的羊水干细胞是一个新的功能强大的生物系统来概述三维和组织水平在体内的形成并且把mTOR信号通路作为这个过程的必要成分。  ?( R- {# e% |# K' b; `- N
原文：Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) harbor high proliferative capacity and high differentiation potential and do not raise the ethical concerns associated with human embryonic stem cells. The formation of threedimensional aggregates known as embryoid bodies (EBs) is the principal step in the differentiation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells. Using c-Kit-positive hAFSC lines, we show here that these stem cells harbor the potential to form EBs. As part of the two kinase complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the key component of an important signaling pathway,which is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation,growth, tumor development and differentiation. Blocking intracellular mTOR activity through the inhibitor rapamycin or through specific small interfering RNA approaches revealed hAFSC EB formation to depend on mTORC1 and mTORC2. These findings demonstrate hAFSCs to be a new and powerful biological system to recapitulate the three-dimensional and tissue level contexts of in vivo development and identify the mTOR pathway to be essential for this process.
+ F. p* m5 S! w  h原文附件如下：
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个人翻译，理解不准确的语句还望大家积极指出
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tpwang

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2 C. G# X* W+ U7 j  d/ ~1 D回复 sun_happone 的帖子, ]) F% c) p- m
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“拟胚体形成人的羊水干细胞依赖于mTOR信号通路”
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5 }2 X; g3 }+ J: _& k6 x# z这题目反了，是羊水干细胞形成EB依赖于mTOR信号通路。1 v" Z& y* w6 C" W

' i0 L8 b. c- L8 R3 q- P/ @我们在这里说明这些干细胞具有形成EB的潜能4 O# \2 C: C& u+ \6 v
we show here that these stem cells harbor the potential to form EBs
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3 `( N9 `$ ]% ^0 h0 x( sshow就是（研究）表明，怎么能说“本研究说明……”。
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作为两个激酶复合物的一部分，m TORC1和m TORC2,雷帕霉素对哺乳动物的靶向是重要信号通路的关键成分
8 S4 M( Z5 G. i8 ~9 wAs part of the two kinase complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the key component of an important signaling pathway" ~% w- y6 c9 ~7 E3 g; W* u5 j3 X

0 a8 K3 J, U5 [4 w# Y& t3 c8 NmTORC1 and mTORC2是two kinase complexes的同位语。“作为两个激酶复合物mTORC1和mTORC2的一部分……”# E3 S8 y! \+ W9 B! |

( A1 ^3 l, g4 Y4 d+ E" k概述三维和组织水平在体内的形成并且把mTOR信号通路作为这个过程的必要成分
' G4 Z5 d9 K. Y- fto recapitulate the three-dimensional and tissue level contexts of in vivo development and identify the mTOR pathway to be essential for this process.
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7 W$ R) o" T' G: \3 V* ito recapitulate在这里是再现、模拟的意思（to repeat the principal stages or phases of），意思是体外模拟或展示体内组织水平三维发育状况。“概述”这一词义放在这里说不通。7 W  m/ q' k' o4 I( T" X( ]7 z4 |
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block中文习惯用法就是阻断。
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0 O" U/ k+ `1 u/ \/ {/ o' s不同语言之间翻译主要依据是文义，而不要生硬照搬字典翻译，翻字典也一定要把所有的词义都看完，搞清楚用的是哪个词义，然后根据目标文字的表达习惯加以调整。
( e4 Y  A# m# Z7 k, j5 z建议还是要翻译出来自己通读几遍，看看中文是否通顺。个别地方的不准确完全是常识可以避免的。

Athura

信号通路，复杂的网络调控系统，很纠结