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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2013-1-24 14:01 编辑 + L0 a/ W& b: \, H, \
# m7 D& c3 ^( mCurrent Protocols in Cell Biology 2010年完整版 5483页
6 `' ~: q7 b0 e1 i( [) S0 P+ a8 R
) r2 v' M1 }- k- yOnline ISBN: 9780471143031
& _% m* v }4 CDOI: 10.1002/0471143030
. g; U1 W; Z0 a! ?" M* x- I- h5 E/ J2 R/ j q9 Y3 r9 {8 g- f5 Q
Table of Contents# S# H3 }$ B- `. |
1. Preface
. c5 m/ w6 H5 I7 M( c2. Foreword! p3 R6 l& e9 [) a% O
3. Chapter 1 Cell Culture
. J! _7 K% c, s, d0 G1 N) j" K8 c1. Introduction3 t' X Y9 W- G7 K: ~8 K0 T
2. Unit 1.1 Basic Techniques in Mammalian Cell Tissue Culture
) Q t& v3 K H$ `) b+ q3. Unit 1.2 Media for Culture of Mammalian Cells. c# X' u' e" W5 Z
4. Unit 1.3 Aseptic Technique for Cell Culture9 _/ p5 O, I$ ^) y0 c' _+ }! u; f0 c
5. Unit 1.4 Sterilization and Filtration0 l# b W5 d/ m& ]+ k; G
6. Unit 1.5 Assessing and Controlling Microbial Contamination in Cell Cultures9 Z# w2 V" O% l5 f: V) ]
7. Unit 1.6 Media and Culture of Yeast- g: d3 y1 h$ \8 F3 B
8. Unit 1.7 BY-2 Cells: Culture and Transformation for Live Cell Imaging% ?2 u4 W! W3 n5 O/ O, z
4. Chapter 2 Preparation and Isolation of Cells: ]: Z* v2 F3 p8 {1 s$ _
1. Introduction9 U E! N* w& q7 v3 d2 _8 N1 B+ i
2. Unit 2.1 Establishment of Fibroblast Cultures& N# @( a) w% }: A3 `
3. Unit 2.2 Preparation and Culture of Human Lymphocytes
& X* H6 K8 F" d# ?) y4. Unit 2.3 Preparation of Endothelial Cells
1 f! e3 J' D6 P% j6 U' {8 x P; a5. Unit 2.4 Generation of Continuously Growing B Cell Lines by Epstein-Barr Virus Transformation1 r$ n; m- J! D8 J) L
6. Unit 2.5 Laser Capture Microdissection1 e7 Y. F: T& f1 c+ N
7. Unit 2.6 Preparation of Human Epidermal Keratinocyte Cultures0 j, u2 n2 ]( c2 @& W" s6 }5 R! G
8. Unit 2.7 Preparation and Coculture of Neurons and Glial Cells
+ J, q% \! o, e9 e3 ]' z5. Chapter 3 Subcellular Fractionation and Isolation of Organelles
9 H# o3 A9 H' R( X8 R N1. Introduction
5 f0 n1 ?. q9 W2. Introduction: z2 m9 {3 {. l* f, Z( n* I
3. Unit 3.1 Overview of Cell Fractionation3 N# e( Q- E% ~9 [0 I
4. Unit 3.2 Isolation of Rat Hepatocyte Plasma Membrane Sheets and Plasma Membrane Domains% p! b0 m9 \ W
5. Unit 3.3 Isolation of Mitochondria from Tissues and Cells by Differential Centrifugation) l) L# o% N( H
6. Unit 3.4 Purification of a Crude Mitochondrial Fraction by Density-Gradient Centrifugation; N5 J$ V+ l5 v- h( i2 Q7 J
7. Unit 3.5 Isolation of Peroxisomes from Tissues and Cells by Differential and Density Gradient$ X" Y! b: M4 t
Centrifugation/ }4 G' A8 Q3 M1 U5 B% S& Y: s
8. Unit 3.6 Isolation of Lysosomes from Tissues and Cells by Differential and Density Gradient& K- A4 c* k, ]# P( J5 ~1 e
Centrifugation
" t( ^! u( r* J0 e: A3 j9. Unit 3.7 Overview of Subcellular Fractionation Procedures for the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, h* B( |7 ~0 O& ?
10. Unit 3.8 Isolation of Subcellular Fractions from the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae1 ^1 J( D. z, v- `
11. Unit 3.9 Isolation of Golgi Membranes from Tissues and Cells by Differential and Density Gradient
3 l6 Z0 K2 U# Y! _) Z o* p9 ~Centrifugation% \. `1 {7 ]6 J5 x
12. Unit 3.10 Isolation of Nuclei and Nuclear Membranes From Animal Tissues
: r& W Y8 |1 d: U13. Unit 3.11 Free-Flow Electrophoretic Analysis of Endosome Subpopulations of Rat Hepatocytes0 _, D1 L7 ]' j5 C
14. Unit 3.12 Isolation of Synaptic Vesicles2 a6 H3 l" T9 a: J; @# ?
15. Unit 3.13 Isolation of Clathrin-Coated Vesicles by Differential and Density Gradient Centrifugation4 R/ R+ e9 Q( {( i) K. L) a
16. Unit 3.14 Isolation of Melanosomes
6 }" ^$ T& V% H# c17. Unit 3.15 Isolation of Lipid Droplets from Cells by Density Gradient Centrifugation
, y) W* l5 [. h0 H& h* |18. Unit 3.16 Isolation of Mast Cell Granules! T7 u5 U1 V8 g8 J9 K1 H
19. Unit 3.17 Immunoisolation of Centrosomes from Drosophila melanogaster( d& h9 k: }+ s8 O. k
20. Unit 3.18 Isolation of Zymogen Granules from Rat Pancreas9 R; w% F( x$ e8 C* s; d
21. Unit 3.19 Isolation of Glyoxysomes from Pumpkin Cotyledons
" E" ]. q4 v- I- @22. Unit 3.20 Isolation of GLUT4 Storage Vesicles
1 J- w4 O% w7 m: u) C5 o0 S23. Unit 3.21 Isolation of Intestinal Brush-Border Membranes: Q- P; U+ @. t! i4 q
24. Unit 3.22 Isolation and Characterization of Exosomes from Cell Culture Supernatants and Biological% M9 { R: u9 r. W
Fluids1 i7 X" Y" i% S! P
25. Unit 3.23 Isolation of Intermediate Filaments" }4 {9 z" U8 j; V" }7 e; b; v8 ]/ l
26. Unit 3.24 Isolation of T-Tubules from Skeletal Muscle; k9 A4 T+ _" v. \2 ^1 `3 j
27. Unit 3.25 Isolation of Myelin
4 v- D* h$ n' F( Q3 t28. Unit 3.26 Isolation of Renal Brush Borders/ \! s" A; d }
29. Unit 3.27 Isolation of Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria, and Mitochondria-Associated Membrane8 u! ^$ L5 Q7 v6 ?( u& L
Fractions from Transfected Cells and from Human Cytomegalovirus-Infected Primary Fibroblasts" m$ _' [" o% v$ T; j( ]) z
30. Unit 3.28 Isolation of Amyloplasts$ J4 T6 E6 R% F6 }5 P
31. Unit 3.29 Isolation of Microtubules and Microtubule Proteins
% ^/ i* s2 e* R* q4 m2 r! }( S9 @ h ?32. Unit 3.30 Purification of Intact Chloroplasts from Arabidopsis and Spinach Leaves by Isopycnic- n Y3 A- Z9 e |6 a, d5 E
Centrifugation
' R4 h6 }$ ^7 c) S33. Unit 3.31 Isolation of Neuromelanin Granules6 A, ]' f( C, `+ H5 {
34. Unit 3.32 Isolation of Dense Core Secretory Vesicles from Pancreatic Endocrine Cells by Differential and
7 K" y1 l4 ?0 k. f- T& D& LDensity Gradient Centrifugation! h; b! T U. ^# S' S
35. Unit 3.33 Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of Amyloid Plaques and Paired Helical Filaments
6 n. t8 z! m: @36. Unit 3.34 Isolation of Legionella-Containing Vacuoles by Immuno-Magnetic Separation3 P# p: t0 I8 v4 V+ P$ t
37. Unit 3.35 Isolation of Platelet Granules
V) d( x1 m6 d9 e( A: X9 `3 l. E38. Unit 3.36 Isolation of Nucleoli, [7 G- w/ V. p
39. Unit 3.37 Isolation of Cytotoxic T Cell and NK Granules and Purification of Their Effector Proteins
7 z5 f& O: E. L; c3 }40. Unit 3.38 Isolation of Aggresomes and Other Large Aggregates
& B1 w/ a# S/ Z4 a/ I41. Unit 3.39 Isolation of Chromaffin Granules
& I% f# w3 B% j9 C/ z% [2 s& M42. Unit 3.40 Purification of Ribosomes from Human Cell Lines$ c8 L& L5 [% b. W- r. s: n* [4 n0 f
6. Chapter 4 Microscopy
8 K! M9 D% w* i9 e! G1. Introduction
1 k# F; j6 {' m0 U* h2. Unit 4.1 Proper Alignment and Adjustment of the Light Microscope0 M7 g& C4 F' u, V
3. Unit 4.2 Fluorescence Microscopy
8 C7 ~" p4 I2 t' Z$ Y# ~! l4. Unit 4.3 Immunofluorescence Staining
& d, H8 T, _/ W( |0 Y- |5. Unit 4.4 Fluorescent Staining of Subcellular Organelles: ER, Golgi Complex, and Mitochondria
% f* q% o7 f1 H) u; ]- B/ Y6. Unit 4.5 Basic Confocal Microscopy% `1 |( o3 L! ?* ?" k& g' q
7. Unit 4.6 Immunoperoxidase Methods for Localization of Antigens in Cultured Cells and Tissues
: K5 F! F" Z" S- T+ p$ {* H; G, s' L8. Unit 4.7 Cryo-Immunogold Electron Microscopy, b* ?2 G Q/ v* Z( o
9. Unit 4.8 Correlative Video Light/Electron Microscopy
3 ^/ w: ^' B& M" ]1 J0 ]) P8 S9 a10. Unit 4.9 Polarization Microscopy5 F5 E: t5 K& U4 k
11. Unit 4.10 Fluorescent Speckle Microscopy (FSM) of Microtubules and Actin in Living Cells5 o0 M& f+ l3 E+ I) O1 P4 k
12. Unit 4.11 Two-Photon Excitation Microscopy for the Study of Living Cells and Tissues, C/ D: ~4 Z. ^: J5 W7 F& K
13. Unit 4.12 Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy for High-Resolution Imaging of Cell-Surface8 q# ]" m+ v# m9 }9 ?
Events
; l8 i' r- s$ U, L0 H) g9 q! K14. Unit 4.13 Fluorescent Labeling of Yeast
3 D; z: b+ _* ] ?7 J1 ^15. Unit 4.14 Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
r2 X2 M# U& u/ E3 ]16. Unit 4.15 Biological Second and Third Harmonic Generation Microscopy/ h1 l7 t N$ U( m" _
17. Unit 4.16 Analyzing Real-Time Video Microscopy: The Dynamics and Geometry of Vesicles and Tubules& P$ i2 p8 M" D
in Endocytosis' J! W* [3 i0 f1 Q1 a
18. Unit 4.17 Scanning Electron Microscopy of Cell Surface Morphology
2 ]3 B5 ^) z+ ?5 j+ H7 C" D- K19. Unit 4.18 Fluorescence Imaging Techniques for Studying Drosophila Embryo Development
: Z6 q7 `) y, D" T* X8 X20. Unit 4.19 Quantitative Colocalization Analysis of Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy Images4 K% l7 A/ A$ s# v: L3 c7 F' _1 a# \
21. Unit 4.20 Visualizing Protease Activity in Living Cells: From Two Dimensions to Four Dimensions/ m/ x) q( F7 N: C1 V
22. Unit 4.21 Photoactivated Localization Microscopy (PALM) of Adhesion Complexes
- v7 m% l8 H; I23. Unit 4.22 Culturing MDCK Cells in Three Dimensions for Analyzing Intracellular Dynamics, j) W! ~3 X1 [$ g9 X: L
24. Unit 4.23 Interference Reflection Microscopy
# e; J8 j+ X8 Y25. Unit 4.24 Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy in Living Cells: A Practical Approach
3 U% t: N W3 p4 v26. Unit 4.25 Analysis of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Functions Using Imaging Approaches6 c: c8 f6 N+ _
27. Unit 4A Organelle Atlas: Appendix to Chapter 4
. g/ g: u( q2 y& R7. Chapter 5 Characterization of Cellular Proteins
9 ~* \- _! V, z1. Introduction
9 D6 B% p8 p) Y# _& T6 G2. Unit 5.1 Overview of the Physical State of Proteins Within Cells
: W0 q" `3 E- n6 D+ Y3. Unit 5.2 Determining the Topology of an Integral Membrane Protein0 @/ x4 b; G/ x4 ^4 i
4. Unit 5.3 Determination of Molecular Size by Zonal Sedimentation Analysis on Sucrose Density Gradients: w) [4 r2 z* D9 _
5. Unit 5.4 Analysis of the Association of Proteins with Membranes
2 t( ], ?3 C$ U. {8 R6. Unit 5.5 Determination of Molecular Size by Size-Exclusion Chromatography (Gel Filtration); p2 _! D) }. }. \4 X. v
7. Unit 5.6 Identification of Proteins in Complex Mixtures Using Liquid Chromatography and Mass
8 v g7 R: @9 L6 d$ D1 tSpectrometry
9 x' M2 h% r$ S: R: r& K8. Unit 5.7 Determining Membrane Protein Topologies in Single Cells and High-Throughput Screening2 K1 S- u# n0 s. M
Applications
6 h G m+ i8 F$ k/ {8. Chapter 6 Electrophoresis and Immunoblotting
4 w u: L& c# f0 g) a W$ c! K1. Introduction
9 ]1 k$ u2 f. }2. Unit 6.1 One-Dimensional SDS Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins3 b* v; D8 P, @7 I0 w
3. Unit 6.2 Immunoblotting and Immunodetection$ x# a: a0 b% P* p
4. Unit 6.3 Detection and Quantitation of Radiolabeled Proteins in Gels and Blots- g6 ^( L7 `) g* Q3 x
5. Unit 6.4 Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis$ z% t5 M( N+ G
6. Unit 6.5 One-Dimensional Electrophoresis Using Nondenaturing Conditions( V" t: V' h1 _& b& c" e% k7 l
7. Unit 6.6 Staining Proteins in Gels
; ^; x {( I% Y' [8 s8. Unit 6.7 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins
* J- |9 c X( a+ a( }1 O0 K9. Unit 6.8 Fluorescence Detection of Glycoproteins in Gels and on Electroblots' z; W( z, Q I- x6 n& Q
10. Unit 6.9 Digital Electrophoresis Analysis t; L' Y* f' [ e3 O9 M0 M5 ^
11. Unit 6.10 Two-Dimensional Blue Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
8 b% v d5 U |5 m) M: O12. Unit 6.11 Measurement of Oxidatively-Induced Clustered DNA Lesions Using a Novel Adaptation of
0 B3 }! s$ i! Q/ _& {' L. QSingle Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet Assay)
4 f9 t' F9 g7 m; b4 u9 ~: | E& M9. Chapter 7 Protein Labeling and Immunoprecipitation a" ~; l& d8 l3 j# E
1. Introduction
6 p/ n( }* P& M# b2. Unit 7.1 Metabolic Labeling with Amino Acids% Z7 u6 Q& C2 i& ?, j
3. Unit 7.2 Immunoprecipitation
# r' N# w- u. p1 p0 l, o4. Unit 7.3 Metabolic Labeling with Sulfate
; b! j9 I7 |# h5 d$ r5. Unit 7.4 Metabolic Labeling with Fatty Acids, j, |& i& R) O3 I% _6 @
6. Unit 7.5 Metabolic Labeling of Prenyl and Carboxyl-Methyl Groups
9 q, ^. s9 z3 W! Y2 {9 ~" Z3 Z8 O7. Unit 7.6 Metabolic Labeling and Immunoprecipitation of Yeast Proteins3 P9 ~) I8 L3 b3 ]
8. Unit 7.7 Metabolic Labeling and Immunoprecipitation of Drosophila Proteins
1 M* u& ?+ h: p) F- m# r9. Unit 7.8 Metabolic Labeling of Glycoproteins with Radioactive Sugars
0 O! n' n5 T8 O9 w9 D5 a2 d5 z! H10. Unit 7.9 Analysis of Oxidative Modification of Proteins1 ~. r: n5 Y, [8 J, ^9 ?
11. Unit 7.10 Radioiodination of Cellular Proteins1 O# C* s2 |' o- |
10. Chapter 8 Cell Cycle Analysis
9 l, a, {# {- ~% U" W3 q1. Introduction
7 r5 R1 R1 m" h: z) q9 a. i2. Unit 8.1 Overview of the Cell Cycle
- u4 Z9 p& x7 c w/ c% Y" `: w3. Unit 8.2 Assays for CDK Activity and DNA Replication in the Cell Cycle9 P! i$ n/ }4 o, l1 l; u
4. Unit 8.3 Methods for Synchronizing Cells at Specific Stages of the Cell Cycle
8 p; M$ s0 I& [' @9 n c' ^3 }5. Unit 8.4 Determining Cell Cycle Stages by Flow Cytometry
! r( H5 u& [" j) V# L8 t6. Unit 8.5 Centrifugal Elutriation to Obtain Synchronous Populations of Cells0 L- Q0 C! l2 G
7. Unit 8.6 Dynamic Proliferation Assessment in Flow Cytometry. t6 p0 d2 U$ X" _" E
11. Chapter 9 Cell Adhesion
, K0 L8 d+ o. I9 y/ Q& ?1. Introduction
9 Q1 X4 Y- h* D! [2. Unit 9.1 Cell-Substrate Adhesion Assays( z* q" E; i2 I! m# v
3. Unit 9.2 Quantitative Measurement of Cell Adhesion Using Centrifugal Force
# I) ~0 _; _. y( p0 m( ]8 N4 N4. Unit 9.3 Cadherin-Dependent Cell-Cell Adhesion
2 H2 E0 g% C& h. E5. Unit 9.4 Analyzing Integrin-Dependent Adhesion7 U+ W. q3 v3 |! T: H4 E
6. Unit 9.5 Analysis of Cell-Cell Contact Mediated by Ig Superfamily Cell Adhesion Molecules
, V6 s2 s- K# p, ^7 ^1 |8 I7. Unit 9.6 Measurement of Adhesion Under Flow Conditions P" { v( Z" O& E% l7 i
12. Chapter 10 Extracellular Matrix
9 w( P- ~/ I5 z2 w& {( b1. Introduction2 S$ d! C f& c/ g% O- ?
2. Unit 10.1 Overview of Extracellular Matrix5 a- J" w' d. ]
3. Unit 10.2 Preparation of Basement Membrane Components from EHS Tumors. }0 V8 R* l# C' V: X$ ]
4. Unit 10.3 Preparation of Gelled Substrates
( z6 R% L' ]7 ]+ R5. Unit 10.4 Preparation of Extracellular Matrices Produced by Cultured Corneal Endothelial and PF-HR9( o0 V0 C* b1 e1 \
Endodermal Cells
% h" {0 `/ X+ z) l6. Unit 10.5 Purification of Fibronectin+ z( J3 n1 E" G0 ~' ?1 C
7. Unit 10.6 Purification of Vitronectin
$ Y P+ x9 }5 x5 c) a' y8 B8. Unit 10.7 Proteoglycan Isolation and Analysis& {0 R+ I2 p( h3 V6 A
9. Unit 10.8 Matrix Metalloproteinases
, T7 M7 @$ Q7 V+ H( ^/ u10. Unit 10.9 Preparation of Extracellular Matrices Produced by Cultured and Primary Fibroblasts9 p2 c* }% [9 l8 M. s
11. Unit 10.10 Purification and Analysis of Thrombospondin-1
5 v' ^& I8 @9 Z' I) D12. Unit 10.11 Purification of SPARC/Osteonectin
s* F" B. y1 n5 L5 s13. Unit 10.12 Analysis of Fibronectin Matrix Assembly1 H3 g- m% h9 G
14. Unit 10.13 Non-Radioactive Quantification of Fibronectin Matrix Assembly
, c; U7 g- M6 h4 ^ W15. Unit 10.14 Use of Hyaluronan-Derived Hydrogels for Three-Dimensional Cell Culture and Tumor
" ^: x. @7 k6 w( FXenografts/ t4 \/ @0 K; Z
16. Unit 10.15 Generation of Micropatterned Substrates Using Micro Photopatterning' Z. d% z. v# _" t& e" M p
17. Unit 10.16 Preparation of Hydrogel Substrates with Tunable Mechanical Properties3 W7 p! u5 Q% g# j' B4 |
18. Unit 10.17 Engineering Three-Dimensional Collagen Matrices to Provide Contact Guidance during 3D x! U, H0 z3 l5 a% ?! G/ \) T
Cell Migration1 {5 w* B1 v7 U- y9 e6 z
19. Unit 10.18 Imaging Cells in Three-Dimensional Collagen Matrix" ]/ _5 @9 X; M- P- j( N
13. Chapter 11 In Vitro Reconstitution* F7 G; B6 m# e; ]5 J. c" N
1. Introduction
w8 D1 \& @, o$ s2. Unit 11.1 Overview of Eukaryotic In Vitro Translation and Expression Systems& T _: A+ l# m1 L: N5 `% x- u/ i
3. Unit 11.2 In Vitro Translation
1 g6 H, C+ {$ l# i0 ^+ ~4. Unit 11.3 In Vitro Analysis of Endoplasmic-Reticulum-to-Golgi Transport in Mammalian Cells
" s5 d! }7 i+ V5 t( L5. Unit 11.4 Cotranslational Translocation of Proteins into Canine Rough Microsomes- z; O9 ?/ h4 x5 c0 _4 G
6. Unit 11.5 In Vitro Analysis of SV40 DNA Replication
- J4 `" Y0 |, L2 ?" f1 J; |1 t7 J7. Unit 11.6 In Vitro Transcription1 D/ l" k6 {5 p9 E! y6 X
8. Unit 11.7 Nuclear Import in Digitonin-Permeabilized Cells$ x7 S" D9 ~" {5 M4 [6 g G: i
9. Unit 11.8 In Vitro Translation Using HeLa Extract
5 [6 a0 O! L* ?3 d: Y0 \6 i10. Unit 11.9 Analysis of Eukaryotic Translation in Purified and Semipurified Systems
1 ~+ C0 f1 u4 {$ r" O11. Unit 11.10 Preparation and Use of Interphase Xenopus Egg Extracts
, O1 T- f* Q; ]9 b s: G12. Unit 11.11 Analysis of the Cell Cycle Using Xenopus Egg Extracts
! P2 e3 X2 j- d/ X* Y+ t- \/ }13. Unit 11.12 Analysis of Apoptosis Using Xenopus Egg Extracts
) j1 s# V4 e$ ]4 b14. Unit 11.13 Mitotic Spindle Assembly In Vitro
) F& c2 U" \! t/ X$ q0 E15. Unit 11.14 Analysis of RNA Export Using Xenopus Oocytes
) K; ^; A3 w0 b8 p16. Unit 11.15 In Vitro Analysis of Peroxisomal Protein Import
8 `8 R! j3 c- M G+ ~17. Unit 11.16 In Vitro Analysis of Chloroplast Protein Import
4 y! \3 X9 P" c$ V) A6 ~18. Unit 11.17 In Vitro RNA Splicing in Mammalian Cell Extracts: P, b- `& O0 x% q
19. Unit 11.18 Endocytosis Assays in Intact and Permeabilized Cells
: r% ]6 Y2 r- ~ |3 F" W20. Unit 11.19 In Vitro Analysis of Yeast Mitochondrial Protein Import
, z! y' Z( h2 B$ i4 {0 j14. Chapter 12 Cell Motility8 U' l1 c5 `% K* |+ r3 z
1. Introduction, _! L5 ~( U, [" S9 s) I- \
2. Unit 12.1 Chemotaxis Assays for Eukaryotic Cells
" _! ?$ p8 d6 U1 i# M6 e3. Unit 12.2 Invasion Assays0 D1 Z' ~. z8 G8 w2 w9 G9 j% I
4. Unit 12.3 Cell Traction* S) \, ~ E! D
5. Unit 12.4 Cell Wound Assays5 _7 ?, R0 b9 v* U8 Q4 B9 m
6. Unit 12.5 Dictyostelium Cell Dynamics
$ O% i8 U y5 g8 h7. Unit 12.6 Optical Microscopy.Based Migration Assay for Human Neutrophils9 y7 }; {8 t( [7 g6 X
8. Unit 12.7 Actin-Based Motility Assay
( {- s( A1 y0 K& e9. Unit 12.8 In Vivo Marking of Single Cells in Chick Embryos Using Photoactivation of GFP
! Z# f# f$ H9 s- V' b2 u15. Chapter 13 Organelle Motility2 Z3 a2 C+ X! B9 |& o
1. Introduction
4 F) q$ `! ?& z2. Unit 13.1 Microtubule/Organelle Motility Assays6 v) e2 @: r, f4 R. L# h
3. Unit 13.2 In Vitro Motility Assay to Study Translocation of Actin by Myosin5 s% @/ D4 i/ L$ U4 F3 P: V6 O, | w
4. Unit 13.3 Organelle Motility in Plant Cells: Imaging Golgi and ER Dynamics with GFP
) G* H! W1 v9 I, w1 B5. Unit 13.4 Movement of Nuclei) F E! f2 ? `; i5 N) T4 w
6. Unit 13.5 Measuring Dynamics of Nuclear Proteins by Photobleaching
" v. @, }( U* n# o7. Unit 13.6 Functional Characterization of Proteins Regulating Actin Assembly
( |" k$ } s$ p$ r1 I16. Chapter 14 Signal Transduction: Protein Phosphorylation
8 ?7 u3 E0 |' A1. Introduction5 W0 T' V5 L3 F8 F x$ s2 G
2. Unit 14.1 Overview of Protein Phosphorylation, a% R, F. R: N9 t6 ^
3. Unit 14.2 Immunological Detection of Phosphorylation. u+ N2 B% \3 {+ j- l7 U% j
4. Unit 14.3 The Detection of MAPK Signaling& l* d* \: {- y' s
5. Unit 14.4 Labeling Cultured Cells with 32Pi and Preparing Cell Lysates for Immunoprecipitation- B3 H/ R( |* k# }7 a( @$ ^
6. Unit 14.5 Phosphoamino Acid Analysis0 s3 _( J, G+ ~8 B( S( R
7. Unit 14.6 Determination of Akt/PKB Signaling
% F( B/ {$ ?; K: E* _% z8. Unit 14.7 Analyzing FAK and Pyk2 in Early Integrin Signaling Events/ u: @3 @+ q2 Z
9. Unit 14.8 Rho GTPase Activation Assays
9 W9 j& \( D- I: q. E10. Unit 14.9 In Vitro GEF and GAP Assays+ l5 |& g7 s1 D2 E1 l1 {
11. Unit 14.10 In Vivo Imaging of Signal Transduction Cascades with Probes Based on Forster Resonance
" J$ N5 j2 e4 D- Y+ g$ i6 U$ cEnergy Transfer (FRET); P" x( @0 h1 I: E8 w, ]( P# S
12. Unit 14.11 Biosensors for Characterizing the Dynamics of Rho Family GTPases in Living Cells
- I; k/ w8 Y& x6 r( f9 s" F13. Unit 14.12 Analysis of Arf GTP-Binding Protein Function in Cells) q6 `4 c" P1 |
17. Chapter 15 Protein Trafficking
; _/ c r$ g7 }1 N, k$ v! ~1. Introduction2 G0 C- |8 d; @6 k
2. Unit 15.1 Overview of Protein Trafficking in the Secretory and Endocytic Pathways
4 M2 l2 v: T" Z# k M; r3. Unit 15.2 Use of Glycosidases to Study Protein Trafficking) Y! W5 M( u8 z
4. Unit 15.3 Endocytosis: Biochemical Analyses9 M2 { |# s) Q
5. Unit 15.4 Determining Protein Transport to the Plasma Membrane
f% O6 `2 `6 m6 R/ _( q3 s0 j6. Unit 15.5 Analysis of Membrane Traffic in Polarized Epithelial Cells
7 @& o W* v# D! i( B7. Unit 15.6 Analysis of Protein Folding and Oxidation in the Endoplasmic Reticulum
) h8 E) @! ^# G: {/ V8 o. t8. Unit 15.7 Measurements of Phagocytosis and Phagosomal Maturation3 ?) U$ O& G$ k8 x7 Z7 [
9. Unit 15.8 Analysis of Protein Transport to Lysosomes: P+ z" h0 m1 g h* j- n$ J5 @& u9 J: @
10. Unit 15.9 Studies of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System
; U' n m9 m6 i' |# G11. Unit 15.10 Measuring Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network
% P( E6 O4 t/ A$ C, w+ z$ \ Y12. Unit 15.11 Assays for Regulated Exocytosis of Mast Cell Granules
6 ]7 Q& Y7 M* N* p6 _8 ^4 d3 t13. Unit 15.12 Analysis of Regulated Secretion Using PC12 Cells4 [! Q h! Q* @
14. Unit 15.13 Analysis of Endocytic Trafficking by Single-Cell Fluorescence Ratio Imaging
4 v8 d, l: o4 [! o15. Unit 15.14 Quantitative Analysis of Endocytosis and Turnover of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and2 q: Q. s8 k% U# Q3 p7 G
EGF Receptor4 I" y- G/ q: L' a# Z; E% J
16. Unit 15.15 Documenting GLUT4 Exocytosis and Endocytosis in Muscle Cell Monolayers8 n$ k+ I8 g5 Y8 ^$ Y5 x- G8 k. O$ V
18. Chapter 16 Antibodies as Cell Biological Tools
3 h7 O/ k4 U7 X1. Introduction3 Q" V/ ]* h# e4 F
2. Unit 16.1 Production of Monoclonal Antibodies
) n2 d5 r# Y2 ^* o9 U3. Unit 16.2 Production of Polyclonal Antisera# r) w- o/ k& x% c9 Q& y
4. Unit 16.3 Purification of Immunoglobulin G
y- r4 \; C' d2 A2 Q3 g5. Unit 16.4 Fragmentation of Immunoglobulin G
3 `: j0 c3 ^0 k$ g( S6 y$ w, M6. Unit 16.5 Antibody Conjugates for Cell Biology* o- \) ?4 `0 m Z3 h. m
7. Unit 16.6 Production of Antibodies That Recognize Specific Tyrosine-Phosphorylated Peptides0 {- l h; N, k! V
19. Chapter 17 Macromolecular Interactions in Cells
/ @ {* R9 f p# ?( q6 Q( N0 \1. Introduction
+ y8 Q; `) @6 l7 G' H2. Unit 17.1 Imaging Protein-Protein Interactions by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)
2 F. X2 \3 f* Y- P, ~Microscopy
3 V9 `% h' Q- J' V0 x3. Unit 17.2 Identification of Protein Interactions by Far Western Analysis
, b4 `4 E/ q" f7 @' i4. Unit 17.3 Interaction Trap/Two-Hybrid System to Identify Interacting Proteins- Z2 }- H5 u. h% g& H
5. Unit 17.4 Mapping Protein-Protein Interactions with Phage-Displayed Combinatorial Peptide Libraries
8 s \1 a$ K" D" X6. Unit 17.5 Protein-Protein Interactions Identified by Pull-Down Experiments and Mass Spectrometry) L: Z2 W0 N2 [1 i6 B
7. Unit 17.6 Measuring Protein Interactions by Optical Biosensors% ~" |# u) L) H' |0 p
8. Unit 17.7 Chromatin Immunoprecipitation for Determining the Association of Proteins with Specific
3 }/ l( j3 w7 K# K' {, [7 PGenomic Sequences In Vivo; j# ^! ~% L7 J: _6 A" `
9. Unit 17.8 Isothermal Titration Calorimetry X" h, Q& r8 m8 r
10. Unit 17.9 Rational Design and Evaluation of FRET Experiments to Measure Protein Proximities in Cells) I% b4 t8 }+ Y( z* ], r3 V5 Q
11. Unit 17.10 Identification and Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes Through Chemical Crosslinking
$ f0 j& V) y& O12. Unit 17.11 Visualization of RNA Using Fluorescence Complementation Triggered by Aptamer-Protein
! d/ ~! P+ n8 g9 RInteractions (RFAP) in Live Bacterial Cells
7 f7 L4 C7 d0 R' E% F7 q8 _) o2 ~4 ~ [20. Chapter 18 Cellular Aging and Death: t3 N! P2 Y" I9 e) r
1. Introduction) B$ ?4 B0 q" d" B3 Y& c' w; k
2. Unit 18.1 Current Concepts in Cell Death" F( m+ e% b& D8 y
3. Unit 18.2 Analysis of Caspase Activation During Apoptosis
( k+ [, L7 i* z. N1 s4. Unit 18.3 Assessment of Apoptosis and Necrosis by DNA Fragmentation and Morphological Criteria
3 A; [7 ]! s8 f2 u, w* K5. Unit 18.4 Quantitative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (Q-FISH)8 H/ d; e) L. u& ]1 b
6. Unit 18.5 Analysis of Mitochondrial Dysfunction During Cell Death% v, `) T8 H- [4 X
7. Unit 18.6 Analysis of Telomeres and Telomerase0 D6 x, i& `: t, j
8. Unit 18.7 Nonisotopic Methods for Determination of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Levels and Detection of) q% |3 P$ l& E- \
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase$ h! N+ l h* X) U3 L: ?% I
9. Unit 18.8 Flow Cytometry of Apoptosis E) I1 u; V4 @/ a Z
10. Unit 18.9 Analysis of Cellular Senescence in Culture In Vivo: The Senescence-Associated -Galactosidase
6 V( d. [% z) g5 q( y# IAssay6 X/ \( Z, a; |7 x1 x
11. Unit 18.10 High-Throughput Live Cell Imaging of Apoptosis
4 {6 b4 w* J) F& u4 f# l; w21. Chapter 19 Whole Organism and Tissue Analysis$ F/ Q" g. X% E/ q
1. Introduction! h2 K. r( _ ~7 i% K
2. Unit 19.1 Overview of Metastasis Assays
) n+ p/ Q# M" R3 T* O2 o3. Unit 19.2 Tail Vein Assay of Cancer Metastasis
$ @- L | f+ H- b$ O4. Unit 19.3 Microanalysis of Gene Expression in Tissues Using T7-SAGE: Serial Analysis of Gene5 O2 M0 Q( b. ]) P
Expression After High-Fidelity T7-Based RNA Amplification
$ B, @6 E J# E: Z- C4 z5. Unit 19.4 SAGE Analysis from 1 兪g of Total RNA
8 W; N5 z" t8 ]/ X9 U6. Unit 19.5 The Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane as an In Vivo Angiogenesis Model* R5 C4 l% E; A% H% p+ w: S
7. Unit 19.6 Experimental Metastasis Assays in the Chick Embryo/ f1 ^8 r! C7 |% K' i
8. Unit 19.7 Imaging Tumor Cell Movement In Vivo
6 @% B9 ^8 X0 T3 m: P9. Unit 19.8 Embryonic Organ Culture
5 t( X2 p8 T0 ]: k$ \2 C10. Unit 19.9 Three-Dimensional Tissue Models of Normal and Diseased Skin
1 ^' H6 S# z1 j j6 z7 \" m11. Unit 19.10 Overview: Engineering Transgenic Constructs and Mice
0 ]# @6 Y, {# n+ k5 ]12. Unit 19.11 Generation of Transgenic Mice
: ]/ T3 p; J" r4 f5 R- F* i13. Unit 19.12 Overview: Generation of Gene Knockout Mice
* @% s0 {0 n( F% X" v8 q14. Unit 19.13 Manipulation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Knockout Mouse Production
0 Y' j& ?: j- M5 Q! H! {15. Unit 19.14 Generation of Gene Knockout Mice by ES Cell Microinjection* m0 }1 C5 ~( V: ?; I
22. Chapter 20 Expression and Introduction of Macromolecules into Cells! {* {9 y% n- b5 Z
1. Introduction2 G; h& t3 j: k; n
2. Unit 20.1 Direct Introduction of Molecules into Cells& O" C5 t2 v3 [ F
3. Unit 20.2 Protein Transduction: Generation of Full-Length Transducible Proteins Using the TAT System
, v h1 H4 [* H0 _1 i9 H6 {4. Unit 20.3 Calcium Phosphate Transfection4 Q8 }1 q' f% V' i# E
5. Unit 20.4 Transfection Using DEAE-Dextran- u0 U o- {: V/ {
6. Unit 20.5 Transfection by Electroporation
( w! W4 @, g8 a7. Unit 20.6 Transfection of Cultured Eukaryotic Cells Using Cationic Lipid Reagents. ]1 O/ N% G7 Y8 X/ z/ w/ b
8. Unit 20.7 Optimization of Transfection
0 y7 E1 i& ~1 Z4 P+ G9. Unit 20.8 Inducible Gene Expression Using an Autoregulatory, Tetracycline-Controlled System$ s* w% g/ l) h2 s
23. Chapter 21 Fluorescent Protein Technology# K/ E5 Y4 A7 @5 R) w( h
1. Introduction" [3 P! L9 ^/ ~& Z7 u% S+ A( v
2. Unit 21.1 Measuring Protein Mobility by Photobleaching GFP Chimeras in Living Cells0 Y6 L) \9 a/ ]; ?- ], |1 k( p6 C
3. Unit 21.2 Fluorescence Localization After Photobleaching (FLAP)
7 G' L: D% w; U4 E1 y4. Unit 21.3 Visualization of Protein Interactions in Living Cells Using Bimolecular Fluorescence7 c. x* F/ |# r2 N% w
Complementation (BiFC) Analysis1 |1 ] b9 e; L$ I+ X% Y
5. Unit 21.4 Design and Use of Fluorescent Fusion Proteins in Cell Biology- f3 m6 P# h1 v! h3 o/ Z) W
6. Unit 21.5 The Fluorescent Protein Color Palette
5 j x. U+ p6 o+ G& o0 B7. Unit 21.6 Photoactivation and Imaging of Photoactivatable Fluorescent Proteins
% R* o' V1 }: p6 _3 E3 j24. Chapter 22 Cell Biology of Chromosomes and Nuclei
$ G4 {# F4 c. u8 \1. Introduction- G, p/ e. a. ^# \& o
2. Unit 22.1 Overview of Cytogenetic Chromosome Analysis
) V0 a5 h/ B' ^) d6 P" c3. Unit 22.2 Preparation of Cytogenetic Specimens from Tissue Samples" f/ c" @4 j$ k5 x) d4 |
4. Unit 22.3 Traditional Banding of Chromosomes for Cytogenetic Analysis
- N& ]) I1 I8 p/ M- P5 U1 u5. Unit 22.4 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
4 c. L* a5 y# N' U6. Unit 22.5 Multi-Color FISH Techniques6 B: S. i3 T$ i4 k) e, J
7. Unit 22.6 Comparative Genomic Hybridization
6 T. Z' Q8 z; P1 M& E8 r; |8. Unit 22.7 Sister Chromatid Exchange
: S$ Z) }" ?, k z. ^9. Unit 22.8 Detection of Mitotic Figures and Components of the Mitotic Machinery# `% C6 V d: R. K8 H
10. Unit 22.9 Assembly and Micromanipulation of Xenopus In Vitro.Assembled Mitotic Chromosomes
) N L$ b* v3 X6 R( [& l& S4 c11. Unit 22.10 Replication Labeling with Halogenated Thymidine Analogs: f1 [" j' c' z. ^: X6 t4 h, J% R H
12. Unit 22.11 Assays for Ribosomal RNA Processing and Ribosome Assembly3 @7 k" Z6 R) P, p
13. Unit 22.12 Visualization and Measurement of DNA Methyltransferase Activity in Living Cells
, o6 p% v* [/ g0 C$ i# v. Y14. Unit 22.13 Monitoring mRNA Export
) a( j# Q a) b1 o/ n& H15. Unit 22.14 Analysis of DNA Replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Two-Dimensional and Pulsed-
& L% @! D0 Y9 m8 @/ |" ZField Gel Electrophoresis k: q8 E3 U0 d; W% e7 K
25. Chapter 23 Stem Cells
0 a" Q. H* R7 j1 r9 A' e1. Introduction$ w8 ?$ @8 P9 K
2. Unit 23.1 Stem Cells: An Overview# K/ r( x$ h9 P1 T9 z( Y% @. `
3. Unit 23.2 Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Derivation, and Mouse and Human Embryonic Stem Cell Culture ]. U. Z* m8 u+ x/ g9 G* a6 J
and Differentiation as Embryoid Bodies1 k7 B- D, A1 {) @4 K3 z
4. Unit 23.3 Maintenance and In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells to Form Blood
% O9 f9 w# p0 jVessels
3 R. B: M) s& h# o5. Unit 23.4 Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells and of Human Adult Stem Cells into j+ D9 \: r9 g% l& b
Adipocytes
& _' V% `) R! W9 F, v# Y2 \6. Unit 23.5 Induction of ES Cell.Derived Cartilage Formation. V+ Q" S- M' u; e5 [1 ~
7. Unit 23.6 Hematoendothelial Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
% E9 P* x8 V4 ?# i8. Unit 23.7 Neural Differentiation of Human ES Cells5 g& a! t" n6 X! c
26. Chapter 24 Lipids
+ Q8 h+ U% j! Z4 I' r; B1. Introduction; o* a/ |. W5 x. k1 M. z
2. Unit 24.1 Using Fluorescent Sphingolipid Analogs to Study Intracellular Lipid Trafficking2 o% h5 c- b2 \, X) R2 N, g
3. Unit 24.2 Fluorescent Detection of Lipid Droplets and Associated Proteins! V6 G) L2 Z `; C; V. L2 i
4. Unit 24.3 Making Giant Unilamellar Vesicles via Hydration of a Lipid Film. I( T3 s5 _( \; V% {
5. Unit 24.4 Visualization of Cellular Phosphoinositide Pools with GFP-Fused Protein-Domains
$ @) R1 r' Z( `27. Chapter 25 Nanotechnology
0 O8 s4 `: s0 G) [1. Introduction
6 x: [3 h4 l" [1 R2. Unit 25.1 In Vivo Imaging Using Quantum Dot.Conjugated Probes, G- P* t) l9 r( D* i# `" r) g0 ?
3. Unit 25.2 Fabrication and Application of Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering
: P4 u. }" o: `0 R( U28. Chapter 26 Viruses
8 A2 P$ `7 Z7 b7 E/ @, q8 j5 C1. Introduction' u" [# M: k1 V9 o# \
2. Unit 26.1 Production of Papillomavirus-Based Gene Transfer Vectors
. x2 t& I/ R9 M3. Unit 26.2 BK Virus (BKV): Infection, Propagation, Quantitation, Purification, Labeling, and Analysis of
/ @; e7 }' }2 ^* n& v# hCell Entry7 l4 X) b& U4 I; e9 a
4. Unit 26.3 Methods Used to Study Respiratory Virus Infection
5 w. D. h: s! z( \1 `- r5. Unit 26.4 Compartmented Neuron Cultures for Directional Infection by Alpha Herpesviruses
6 s$ _% C& P8 D& x% R6. Unit 26.5 HIV-1 Interactions with Cells: From Viral Binding to Cell-Cell Transmission, }# r1 o4 ^3 h! N" @* r7 Q6 E, v
29. Chapter 26 Lipids
+ v) p9 D: p" c; e1. Unit 26.6 Methods for Monitoring Dynamics of Pulmonary RSV Replication by Viral Culture and by. E% f6 g6 d9 Z# p, |6 v
Real-Time Reverse Transcription.PCR In Vivo: Detection of Abortive Viral Replication
; Y0 k4 p9 t" r% c) k) b' |3 h30. Chapter 27 RNA-Based Methods in Cell Biology
. P- K4 P& d4 k1 k) s. g1. Introduction
* x: J5 S8 k4 Z2 ]2. Unit 27.1 Silencing of Gene Expression in Cultured Cells Using Small Interfering RNAs
& ~ R* P4 j6 M3. Unit 27.2 Gene Down-Regulation with Short Hairpin RNAs and Validation of Specificity by Inducible* ^6 f! Y0 W1 J6 M0 O3 S6 f: u
Rescue in Mammalian Cells4 ]' O, L7 R! x2 Y3 w+ t9 _
31. Appendix 1 Useful Information and Data
, m5 r) b d2 G' v& F1 r9 Z* L1. 1A Useful Measurements and Data
" a' f* ]$ x; Q8 w1 ~$ _2. 1B Compendium of Drugs Commonly Used in Cell Biology Research8 \* ], \& Q, P6 K- G# O5 E& y
3. 1C Identification of Motifs in Protein Sequences1 ?( e1 B! M1 O2 v: Z
4. 1D Safe Use of Radioisotopes, V: M0 w6 B5 h2 D
5. 1E Absorption and Emission Maxima for Common Fluorophores7 D& D( @+ c! \/ C+ `- C0 ?7 {0 T5 U
6. 1F Importing Biological Materials
0 j; J- r3 i, @. l0 J1 u& o7. 1G Centrifuges and Rotors W- I1 D, H: d! [) C* i* K9 ^
8. 1H Internet Basics for Biologists
4 G3 X# F! }. Z+ ?; r32. Appendix 2 Laboratory Stock Solutions and Equipment% ~8 `# _9 P$ {3 O1 \0 V; |+ W
1. 2A Common Stock Solutions, Buffers, and Media
" @ Z- _" [( n6 e8 Y& x9 u2. 2B Medium Formulations
2 X& H2 |# j$ o7 {; ~3. 2C Standard Laboratory Equipment
/ u) K1 s9 X7 `; d+ }$ V33. Appendix 3 Commonly Used Techniques. U$ W5 \3 P6 B! y
1. 3A Molecular Biology Techniques
% [; h' W2 L/ M0 s$ ^8 a6 D2. 3B Spectrophotometric Determination of Protein Concentration
- W0 e \0 d3 N' m7 @0 ~3. 3C Dialysis and Concentration of Protein Solutions( Y3 d6 I$ F0 Z+ n$ U3 T
4. 3D Quantification of DNA and RNA with Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy
' K# C& v( B9 }1 q, |$ Y5. 3E Silanizing Glassware/ j7 |/ X1 c \3 E; F
6. 3F Enzymatic Amplification of DNA by PCR: Standard Procedures and Optimization
+ t6 V3 k" |- z) N/ j7. 3G Micro RT-PCR
! Y/ t+ s/ J8 F( }: R8. 3H The Colorimetric Detection and Quantitation of Total Protein
6 e* }9 z9 G0 r" N( J- e- t/ J34. Appendix Suppliers* m ]8 c* j8 |& f" v& H8 ^ P
1. Selected Suppliers of Reagents and Equipment
4 d# i6 X5 V& a6 b4 D4 K9 Z8 Y6 B: v2 w, S# W9 f
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