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The cell-surface-antigen expression of cultured cells can be analyzed by using immunofluorescence techniques. The following primary monoclonal antibodies are used to detect surface-antigen expression: anti-SSEA-1;anti-SSEA-3; anti-SSEA-4; anti-TRA-1-60; anti-TRA-1-81; and anti-Oct-4.
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Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled secondary antibodies, appropriate to the species and isotype of the primary antibody, can be used for detection of primary antibody binding.
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1. Fix cultured ES cells in Fixative Solution for 15-20 minutes at room temperature.
7 h3 e. q5 D% V2 _6 j; f% t2. Wash twice (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer.
. F% B/ q+ x( }3. Permeabilize cells with 0.1% Triton X-100 / PBS for 10 minutes at room temperature. 5 C' q5 ^& E( F% n
4. Wash twice (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer.
% T A2 ?# g, G! E0 P- ~# a/ f5. Apply Blocking Solution for 30 minutes at room temperature. & U( e) q N+ N8 d$ A# X( i! E) j
6. Dilute primary antibodies to working concentrations in Blocking Solution (SSEA-1, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 & Oct-4 can be used in the range of 1:10 – 1:50). Incubate primary antibodies for 1 hour at room temperature. " l; o+ p1 g, z
7. Wash three times (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer. % G. @1 Y* `: G
8. Dilute secondary antibodies in 1 X PBS just before use. Incubate secondary antibodies for 30-60 minutes at room temperature.
+ T: r3 b+ ]# g1 \/ m6 Y9. Wash three times (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer. $ k* M; w0 U$ E( O) ]
10. If stained in plate wells, cells should be covered with 1 X PBS for visualization. However, if cells are stained on a coverslip, mount on a slide by using antifade mounting solution.
0 ]# n& Z. w1 n8 l1 V f: C11. Fluorescence images can be visualized with a fluorescence microscope. ' ~% j2 u) f) u4 x8 O4 A# v( H1 U
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