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The cell-surface-antigen expression of cultured cells can be analyzed by using immunofluorescence techniques. The following primary monoclonal antibodies are used to detect surface-antigen expression: anti-SSEA-1;anti-SSEA-3; anti-SSEA-4; anti-TRA-1-60; anti-TRA-1-81; and anti-Oct-4.
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Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled secondary antibodies, appropriate to the species and isotype of the primary antibody, can be used for detection of primary antibody binding. 1 [" o1 ?2 `2 I: M' u
2 t. h3 [+ s% \. q% h# G" `0 p$ e1. Fix cultured ES cells in Fixative Solution for 15-20 minutes at room temperature.
( \' ~. J9 k* J6 B) y+ y1 D5 f# V2. Wash twice (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer.
0 u* ]: M# X' z3. Permeabilize cells with 0.1% Triton X-100 / PBS for 10 minutes at room temperature. 4 z. M$ R8 N8 G8 D; t2 P+ C
4. Wash twice (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer.
1 |& a, w" L% Y" L9 `3 S5. Apply Blocking Solution for 30 minutes at room temperature.
( {. G. V4 S6 u" C9 {$ i4 k8 U [0 K6. Dilute primary antibodies to working concentrations in Blocking Solution (SSEA-1, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 & Oct-4 can be used in the range of 1:10 – 1:50). Incubate primary antibodies for 1 hour at room temperature. 4 W+ F6 k! n2 x! p2 ~' Y
7. Wash three times (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer.
) ]" ~0 U& I5 I. f8. Dilute secondary antibodies in 1 X PBS just before use. Incubate secondary antibodies for 30-60 minutes at room temperature.
9 D6 z5 d! L: M+ Y* J' K9. Wash three times (5-10 minutes each) with 1 X Rinse Buffer.
% ^& `3 T0 ]1 c$ t+ L8 `$ ~10. If stained in plate wells, cells should be covered with 1 X PBS for visualization. However, if cells are stained on a coverslip, mount on a slide by using antifade mounting solution.
, ?" X' o! L' N7 q( ?' I; M4 z11. Fluorescence images can be visualized with a fluorescence microscope. . ]7 r$ |; ^9 { ^, V
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