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! h( Q) `1 f* WVolume 153, Issue 6# l2 Z, d( M2 |5 f( m% m
On the cover: The complementarity determining region 3 of the heavy chain ( w: e v$ n$ w; a9 J/ `
(CDR H3) of vertebrate antibodies typically contains a diverse loop of <15
7 w3 q1 S- M. c- y; Bamino acids and often provides a prominent role in binding antigen. Cows have
0 ~4 I- a! P) w H( G: y) Sunusual CDR H3s of >60 amino acids with multiple cysteine residues. How these
8 P/ f v- x3 ^$ i( O& Runusual antibodies form and what their structural characteristics are have not . @4 @# W& P9 Y8 z2 T8 w
been understood. Wang et al. (pp. 1379–1393) show that these antibodies form a
! ~1 q. o& j- b& I3 inew structural domain comprised of “stalk” and “knob” features that are highly
0 y; v3 M, x$ j0 j5 y Jdiverse in amino acid content as well as disulfide patterns. They propose that
/ g* t) K, P! D& _- nbovine ultralong CDR H3 antibodies create antibody diversity by somatic ! }7 x9 A O5 E# O; h6 }
diversification that creates unique disulfide patterns in the knob region. The
/ G5 {, z- H) g6 G$ `cover shows the stalk and disulfide-bonded knob of a crystal structure of a cow ; i# d S. Z' }8 i6 i) r
antibody (light-green, right) overlaid onto the oil painting “Red Calf Portrait” 0 i+ Q9 m9 {3 G7 |; r$ @, C
by Denise Rich.9 g, X+ E- C1 @( `5 V) [
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