干细胞心脏修复

Damon-Salvatore

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Damon-Salvatore

Abstract   v3 b/ z. H' q
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Most cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy, are associated with loss of functional cardiomyocytes. Unfortunately, the heart has  a limited regenerative capacity and is not able to replace these cardiomyocytes once lost. In recent years, stem cells have been put forward as a poten-tial source for cardiac regeneration. Pre-clinical studies that use stem cell-derived cardiac cells show promising results. The  mechanisms, though, are not well understood, results have been variable, sometimes transient in the long term, an d often without a mechanis tic explanation. There are  still several major hurdles to be taken.  Stem cell-derived cardiac cells should resemble original cardiac cell types and be able to integrate in the damaged heart. Integration requires administration of stem cell-derived cardiac cells at the right time using the right mode of delivery. Once delivered, transplanted cells need vascularization, electrophysiological coupling with the injured heart, and prevention of immunological rejection. Finally, st em cell therapy needs to be safe, reproducible, and affordable. In this  review, we will give an introduction to the principles of stem  cell based cardiac repair.