《细胞》[Cell]13年6月20日出版pdf全文

nero1981

. r, K# p' W+ ?' m' kVolume 153, Issue 7
2 i+ F5 B% @* K+ c9 E5 g! {- v" N* @  nOn the cover: The mealybug Planococcus citri is host to two bacterial
$ X1 k1 B2 m# Mendosymbionts with extremely tiny genomes. These symbionts, Tremblaya and * h' d# P" g  T) F7 Y0 ~5 C" l
Moranella, live exclusively in specialized insect cells. Remarkably,
# _+ d6 v" l' }0 D- G, J3 bMoranella lives inside of Tremblaya; their relationship is the : ~1 G: O, E  c" R
only known bacteria-within-a-bacterium symbiosis. In this issue, Husnik et al.
& e' z1 j; j% O* E" k- d(pp. 1567–1578) show that this layered symbiosis is enabled by genes that have
+ U- j* D/ Q/ Q; mbeen horizontally transferred to the insect genome from diverse, historical
9 ~* r  i- T/ X8 h" b, W" Cbacterial infections. These transferred genes are overexpressed in the insect
) w1 U! L/ h5 W$ _: Y$ xtissue housing Tremblaya and Moranella and seem to complement
! D% |8 s% z# h$ {. d4 C0 T0 Dseveral symbiont activities. Importantly, these results show that, although the
$ [6 ~0 |; C. \" X6 h& RTremblaya genome rivals some organelles in terms of size and coding
7 @3 X* e8 h( o+ K# F5 g3 Scapacity, it has not arrived at this state by transferring its own genes to the " }! V- w. b* n% ~3 _  E
host genome. Photograph by Alex Wild, University of Illinois.7 ?) s! B( k% @5 t/ ~- y; U

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