《细胞》[Cell]13年6月20日出版pdf全文

nero1981

& D, v1 @# }, WVolume 153, Issue 78 k: H  n3 W' A' G9 x6 `
On the cover: The mealybug Planococcus citri is host to two bacterial 1 j' D4 A# |  f8 I" p; u
endosymbionts with extremely tiny genomes. These symbionts, Tremblaya and
5 s8 E, T( i/ \) Y6 PMoranella, live exclusively in specialized insect cells. Remarkably,
. @% [. J4 W- R/ x" ?4 _% kMoranella lives inside of Tremblaya; their relationship is the 3 p$ m( ^  t: v& v
only known bacteria-within-a-bacterium symbiosis. In this issue, Husnik et al. " _; _$ [& x5 n" A8 L  E$ I
(pp. 1567–1578) show that this layered symbiosis is enabled by genes that have
* ], {) O4 l1 i7 o0 m' mbeen horizontally transferred to the insect genome from diverse, historical
8 }8 @5 \$ l. t7 rbacterial infections. These transferred genes are overexpressed in the insect
. o& s) ~2 B: b  r% utissue housing Tremblaya and Moranella and seem to complement ; c+ N4 I& h) k1 A' N( _' I/ p2 ^
several symbiont activities. Importantly, these results show that, although the
& e8 W1 X7 Z5 H! s  t: uTremblaya genome rivals some organelles in terms of size and coding 7 ], q* d  C; O, l
capacity, it has not arrived at this state by transferring its own genes to the   I. x: G7 r4 z! Z5 u
host genome. Photograph by Alex Wild, University of Illinois.4 u4 W/ F! j1 s

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