《细胞》[Cell]13年6月20日出版pdf全文

nero1981

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Volume 153, Issue 7. a! g; i% B( |! K$ ?! P3 A
On the cover: The mealybug Planococcus citri is host to two bacterial
3 C: K0 |$ n! F3 N6 q/ U. ~! o: [endosymbionts with extremely tiny genomes. These symbionts, Tremblaya and ! f& d8 c* N2 i+ P" N) C9 n
Moranella, live exclusively in specialized insect cells. Remarkably, 1 d- ]- q) b( Z! d- i
Moranella lives inside of Tremblaya; their relationship is the 8 r3 q4 G0 _% d8 `: F$ ^
only known bacteria-within-a-bacterium symbiosis. In this issue, Husnik et al.
1 H0 K  I5 H0 k, G1 w(pp. 1567–1578) show that this layered symbiosis is enabled by genes that have 4 j! p& {- c# ~
been horizontally transferred to the insect genome from diverse, historical ' L- K' f2 s$ k; X
bacterial infections. These transferred genes are overexpressed in the insect
- P1 ]8 g& x5 T& Xtissue housing Tremblaya and Moranella and seem to complement   f( l2 s6 S" I. z, r% f  J/ {
several symbiont activities. Importantly, these results show that, although the
' ^' \% g% }" L' V$ N; TTremblaya genome rivals some organelles in terms of size and coding % e9 D0 z: w$ I, o, z) K
capacity, it has not arrived at this state by transferring its own genes to the 1 {+ k# k  V6 @, V& ^. C" Q
host genome. Photograph by Alex Wild, University of Illinois./ G, y% Q; D# N5 |

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