《细胞》[Cell]13年6月20日出版pdf全文

nero1981

, n3 ^) u% x- n. J
Volume 153, Issue 7
2 Z8 ?# h- r3 V) |+ Y3 p8 oOn the cover: The mealybug Planococcus citri is host to two bacterial 7 a  j* Q; q/ X" W& J
endosymbionts with extremely tiny genomes. These symbionts, Tremblaya and
% ?# f" p* E( _; l/ Y- N  k+ sMoranella, live exclusively in specialized insect cells. Remarkably,
5 a# W0 l. j+ E1 [Moranella lives inside of Tremblaya; their relationship is the
+ ~- Q! W) f7 C3 @only known bacteria-within-a-bacterium symbiosis. In this issue, Husnik et al. ! q  r+ b" \1 N0 J- K& C
(pp. 1567–1578) show that this layered symbiosis is enabled by genes that have
3 ~# i. Z! t/ f* e) C1 ?been horizontally transferred to the insect genome from diverse, historical * ~6 n  `- X% P
bacterial infections. These transferred genes are overexpressed in the insect
; [% l5 r8 m8 Y+ m0 u' Z) xtissue housing Tremblaya and Moranella and seem to complement ; T1 ^0 l  e+ {2 w7 L5 v
several symbiont activities. Importantly, these results show that, although the - [  [1 B  D& M! d* w0 f7 E
Tremblaya genome rivals some organelles in terms of size and coding
7 b, N& K7 B' ]! E/ xcapacity, it has not arrived at this state by transferring its own genes to the ) g1 Y. {4 V! K4 m  q1 y  ^+ R
host genome. Photograph by Alex Wild, University of Illinois.0 p/ l. P3 m4 N) P. R

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