《细胞》[Cell]13年6月20日出版pdf全文

nero1981

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Volume 153, Issue 7; e, R- Q' a3 D+ M( {# K
On the cover: The mealybug Planococcus citri is host to two bacterial # O5 O) y( R- V& H6 l+ ^
endosymbionts with extremely tiny genomes. These symbionts, Tremblaya and 2 ~. O6 N8 p+ R. ?5 c
Moranella, live exclusively in specialized insect cells. Remarkably, 3 ^3 R; X; F. J2 k7 g
Moranella lives inside of Tremblaya; their relationship is the # |( y; ]9 S6 I+ H  m' j
only known bacteria-within-a-bacterium symbiosis. In this issue, Husnik et al. / `/ m' Q  O" Z  g. W8 \5 }! W& s) t# }
(pp. 1567–1578) show that this layered symbiosis is enabled by genes that have 4 w* V9 \- I: w" y
been horizontally transferred to the insect genome from diverse, historical
7 T% Z" T8 m) I! C1 f$ jbacterial infections. These transferred genes are overexpressed in the insect , G3 q' I, i  Q. I
tissue housing Tremblaya and Moranella and seem to complement
  s+ }# r/ y8 eseveral symbiont activities. Importantly, these results show that, although the $ }& F/ l/ }( a# [, ?6 |8 K- L
Tremblaya genome rivals some organelles in terms of size and coding 1 |5 G7 t! T* q" r9 S
capacity, it has not arrived at this state by transferring its own genes to the
0 r: Y6 f( I, n; `9 w0 `host genome. Photograph by Alex Wild, University of Illinois.% Q/ n8 d/ R9 z$ d' m( o

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