《细胞》[Cell]13年6月20日出版pdf全文

nero1981

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Volume 153, Issue 7
4 E8 t, b4 u, P% f7 JOn the cover: The mealybug Planococcus citri is host to two bacterial 4 o1 Y% i/ |  S7 D; c* W  g
endosymbionts with extremely tiny genomes. These symbionts, Tremblaya and : J7 }" X; l3 f" `/ J; K
Moranella, live exclusively in specialized insect cells. Remarkably,
! O, j3 R/ ~) v% _5 p! ?Moranella lives inside of Tremblaya; their relationship is the ! b0 v/ Z0 r7 _" O4 P
only known bacteria-within-a-bacterium symbiosis. In this issue, Husnik et al.
, D( N* r( S6 W% Y(pp. 1567–1578) show that this layered symbiosis is enabled by genes that have 4 f, Y$ W8 x  a* f' L9 l
been horizontally transferred to the insect genome from diverse, historical
( \. O; u% [+ k* Z* ^0 Jbacterial infections. These transferred genes are overexpressed in the insect 2 X1 v+ P# o8 w9 C$ j7 @8 g+ b4 g% r
tissue housing Tremblaya and Moranella and seem to complement * o6 j5 J3 M$ a+ H: ^1 K0 F
several symbiont activities. Importantly, these results show that, although the
8 v) |- o5 l1 n/ F& aTremblaya genome rivals some organelles in terms of size and coding - F" M4 ], |* X) z" d7 W
capacity, it has not arrived at this state by transferring its own genes to the - F+ D. g7 E) X: D+ V& ]" y. i  J
host genome. Photograph by Alex Wild, University of Illinois.0 W. h8 s7 y. x* W/ i5 ]

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