《自然》[Nature]13年7月18日出版pdf全文

nero1981

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Naked mole rats are remarkable in
- j% j: E# b8 Jcombining extreme longevity with virtually complete resistance to cancer. Now a ! _+ t5 E% b( t2 P! @9 n. S0 W7 R
novel glycosaminoglycan variant that may have evolved to provide the creatures
! J" I: g" X+ }3 v3 |' i- }with the tough, flexible skin needed for a subterranean lifestyle has been 7 Z* r; G& J  a2 f- K5 A
identified as a key contributor to their cancer resistance. Hyaluronan, or
4 O1 S" r' g) T) Uhyaluronic acid, is a ubiquitous component of the extracellular matrix. Xiao
2 S1 H: D5 q4 O6 Z8 ^9 U3 ZTian et al. observed that the culture media of naked mole-rat 4 A% z& r# K: H* m
fibroblasts becomes viscous owing to the accumulation of a thick ‘gooey’   D* }6 S3 ~/ o; K
substance and identified it as a high-molecular-mass hyaluronan (HMM-HA), more
9 n. M; }( D( @than five times larger than mouse and human equivalents. It accumulates in naked 4 g$ C- Z& @, W1 C' x2 R
mole-rat tissues owing to low hyaluronidase activity and a unique form of ! z7 f, c1 Y( V
hyaluronan synthase 2. HMM-HA acts through the CD44 receptor and removal of , r( I1 r$ d$ T7 ^+ a' |$ Q
HMM-HA makes naked mole-rat cells more susceptible to transformation. This 2 M5 U/ o' G( l9 i4 h* c
unusual model of cancer protection suggests potential new avenues of research . Q0 L- E! m) O4 O7 d
into anticancer and life-extension strategies. Cover: Joel Sartore/National
9 V, V3 c9 l4 X6 I" ?Geographic Image Collection/Alamy: R- |/ D, J4 F/ u% k

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