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Naked mole rats are remarkable in
( U4 ~2 Z: `& N# y! W& G' W' @combining extreme longevity with virtually complete resistance to cancer. Now a
E9 d/ @/ ]7 snovel glycosaminoglycan variant that may have evolved to provide the creatures & N8 {( |* {/ y
with the tough, flexible skin needed for a subterranean lifestyle has been
- {6 x+ Y2 o+ f. j3 q: U" sidentified as a key contributor to their cancer resistance. Hyaluronan, or
; g% C9 C$ R7 { m* uhyaluronic acid, is a ubiquitous component of the extracellular matrix. Xiao
! O4 b; `, }( B$ Q6 HTian et al. observed that the culture media of naked mole-rat 1 k% w7 s3 G1 Z2 g4 p. @
fibroblasts becomes viscous owing to the accumulation of a thick ‘gooey’
( W) A, ^6 m. C, \( V3 Wsubstance and identified it as a high-molecular-mass hyaluronan (HMM-HA), more - \5 e0 ~* X9 J
than five times larger than mouse and human equivalents. It accumulates in naked ! Z5 Z% f% g; `: Z/ Y0 t
mole-rat tissues owing to low hyaluronidase activity and a unique form of
+ ^9 s- q0 S5 e- o8 Ohyaluronan synthase 2. HMM-HA acts through the CD44 receptor and removal of $ y4 M+ c3 C z4 s/ t
HMM-HA makes naked mole-rat cells more susceptible to transformation. This
0 T+ h, c5 }9 b5 a! m& e5 H$ Q; Kunusual model of cancer protection suggests potential new avenues of research ' s! S5 U9 ^- I8 G
into anticancer and life-extension strategies. Cover: Joel Sartore/National ) l6 w2 w9 c& i& B. E6 Z
Geographic Image Collection/Alamy1 {* a C" c6 k8 S8 j& }; b
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发表于 2013-7-19 19:33
发表于 2013-7-19 19:42
