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0 ^. f! X# [& h5 w& L" `Naked mole rats are remarkable in
) a" Y; ]% M3 c% H5 N* Rcombining extreme longevity with virtually complete resistance to cancer. Now a
% J @% D+ g( Y) onovel glycosaminoglycan variant that may have evolved to provide the creatures 7 g' B4 p. X: v4 d5 I
with the tough, flexible skin needed for a subterranean lifestyle has been ; R7 J: `4 a/ U" K' I
identified as a key contributor to their cancer resistance. Hyaluronan, or
, s k* l" D6 t8 F& G" Z4 Bhyaluronic acid, is a ubiquitous component of the extracellular matrix. Xiao - X) s$ Y! N3 J8 W* Z% {" }
Tian et al. observed that the culture media of naked mole-rat - \1 N% o* w9 \% u
fibroblasts becomes viscous owing to the accumulation of a thick ‘gooey’
. k+ Q6 R) C8 D. ^9 ?6 dsubstance and identified it as a high-molecular-mass hyaluronan (HMM-HA), more 2 ~3 v! e0 N( T/ d# ]
than five times larger than mouse and human equivalents. It accumulates in naked ( { r8 |& f# M
mole-rat tissues owing to low hyaluronidase activity and a unique form of 9 p/ [2 A, g( C
hyaluronan synthase 2. HMM-HA acts through the CD44 receptor and removal of 5 U1 f8 ]; M9 i+ b6 t; }6 k+ ]
HMM-HA makes naked mole-rat cells more susceptible to transformation. This & K$ S6 K- F' d) j. U! b$ g% [
unusual model of cancer protection suggests potential new avenues of research 0 x5 S9 t% }& J- u. D0 Z
into anticancer and life-extension strategies. Cover: Joel Sartore/National
+ O! a# V% |& \9 t# vGeographic Image Collection/Alamy
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发表于 2013-7-19 19:33
发表于 2013-7-19 19:42
