英国利用干细胞培养视网膜

ag2017

国际在线消息：据中国日报网消息，据英国媒体7月21日报道，英国科学家在失明治疗领域取得了重大进展，他们在实验室里利用胚胎干细胞培养出视网膜感光细胞，将这些细胞植入盲鼠眼睛的视网膜，成功地在眼睛和大脑之间形成了神经联系。
5 d" K9 M. L' t　　英国伦敦大学学院的罗宾・阿里教授表示，这是一次重大进步。我们离临床试验越来越近了。为了保证这种方法安全有效，在广泛应用前可能还需要10年时间进行广泛实验，为最终使数以百万计的盲人重见光明铺路。
6 [9 z: }4 i8 R# S" L: L　　阿里教授说，即使移植少量细胞也能对生命质量产生重大影响。科学家希望可以在5年内利用这种方法治疗第一批病人，该疗法的受益者包括与年龄有关的黄斑变性的人群。黄斑变性是老年人失明的最常见原因，影响到60多万英国人。随着人口的老龄化，未来25年这个数字还会大大增加。目前，对这种疾病的治疗手段非常有限，并且无法彻底治愈。

tzqlyfy1990

http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nbt.2643.html
) p3 a7 B* [7 J: ?) ^9 n! X5 G7 yPhotoreceptor precursors derived from three-dimensional embryonic stem cell cultures integrate and mature within adult degenerate retina
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Anai Gonzalez-Cordero,         Emma L West,         Rachael A Pearson,         Yanai Duran,         Livia S Carvalho, Colin J Chu,         Arifa Naeem,         Samuel J I Blackford,         Anastasios Georgiadis,         Jorn Lakowski, Mike Hubank,         Alexander J Smith,         James W B Bainbridge,         Jane C Sowden         & Robin R Ali" `1 z4 m7 l( L& f5 m

- N( b- ]' \. K/ h, `* _" iNature Biotechnology (2013) doi:10.1038/nbt.2643
) U- ^% ~0 H1 f- a6 E3 d0 x9 ^Received 13 March 2013 Accepted 22 June 2013 Published online 21 July 2013
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Abstract
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: H7 g) [1 g" o3 d$ c1 oIrreversible blindness caused by loss of photoreceptors may be amenable to cell therapy. We previously demonstrated retinal repair1 and restoration of vision through transplantation of photoreceptor precursors obtained from postnatal retinas into visually impaired adult mice2, 3. Considerable progress has been made in differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro toward photoreceptor lineages4, 5, 6. However, the capability of ESC-derived photoreceptors to integrate after transplantation has not been demonstrated unequivocally. Here, to isolate photoreceptor precursors fit for transplantation, we adapted a recently reported three-dimensional (3D) differentiation protocol that generates neuroretina from mouse ESCs6. We show that rod precursors derived by this protocol and selected via a GFP reporter under the control of a Rhodopsin promoter integrate within degenerate retinas of adult mice and mature into outer segment–bearing photoreceptors. Notably, ESC-derived precursors at a developmental stage similar to postnatal days 4–8 integrate more efficiently compared with cells at other stages. This study shows conclusively that ESCs can provide a source of photoreceptors for retinal cell transplantation.