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7 _; ^9 q/ l, ~7 r- jNaked mole rats are remarkable in
8 u9 ]4 {& Y0 P% p! ?combining extreme longevity with virtually complete resistance to cancer. Now a 5 C/ o8 v/ L- d/ U. C. V0 V2 w
novel glycosaminoglycan variant that may have evolved to provide the creatures
$ ?5 |7 j( a6 i' k% w* _& G. r! rwith the tough, flexible skin needed for a subterranean lifestyle has been
5 j( y- A$ V7 D/ _; ^' sidentified as a key contributor to their cancer resistance. Hyaluronan, or 0 H) D' |) U! @1 T
hyaluronic acid, is a ubiquitous component of the extracellular matrix. Xiao 9 ?* f6 G1 ^3 u" m9 d6 c! ~2 X% U
Tian et al. observed that the culture media of naked mole-rat
* \/ [- p! K7 l; xfibroblasts becomes viscous owing to the accumulation of a thick ‘gooey’ $ N, R$ F1 p9 v9 A2 K
substance and identified it as a high-molecular-mass hyaluronan (HMM-HA), more 5 P+ x" N: ]5 M \) D _9 f
than five times larger than mouse and human equivalents. It accumulates in naked ' b0 P1 R! {1 t! V3 j# m
mole-rat tissues owing to low hyaluronidase activity and a unique form of
& {; q. U" q4 u0 U! b" vhyaluronan synthase 2. HMM-HA acts through the CD44 receptor and removal of
6 z; l# K4 g. p! sHMM-HA makes naked mole-rat cells more susceptible to transformation. This 7 B6 _& F$ u6 t$ U
unusual model of cancer protection suggests potential new avenues of research
C |* J h9 U$ O4 Yinto anticancer and life-extension strategies. Cover: Joel Sartore/National
1 m! m# \& O# l! ^( AGeographic Image Collection/Alamy
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发表于 2013-7-19 19:33
发表于 2013-7-19 19:42
