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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤 ?1 G9 }" u2 N; {
成纤维细胞的制备. b. ?# F/ e- K$ k/ {
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies0 L4 r) t% s% Q! F2 z" M8 Q L' \
A 时间:15d
& o6 j( b. X2 a(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。" B& N" P+ z: m" V% S( M- V
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
3 \$ Z# z8 |! a9 N(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min ) b5 X/ T5 Y' }* v% t
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
9 P( d* a8 `$ v(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开- T% r# y, @$ W: T: ]
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
* J+ G! `7 g+ [(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)! O, P2 E8 h" L; ^
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。# B5 s8 U1 i) `4 t/ G/ P3 |7 Q
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
' u; J. p0 M# f: z" `8 U3 z0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。$ `0 f) K3 k v) g3 W
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尾尖(B)时间:10d6 J0 s2 ?- b5 f% G
在此略/ w" D; }, U" o: `8 n
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h4 r2 |, S I' Z- |1 I, ~
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中. O& d7 v# T- t+ N. F7 r
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
6 i1 [7 t" `; w# H8 R- H(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)) P0 V, K, {5 _- v2 [8 b; ^
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清( {7 c. }( |3 I/ J I1 O, b
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO21 O7 F! m6 E6 O0 z
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合9 T7 \9 n8 _0 B/ L& u/ b \
* _4 P, s: K/ c; o( _CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
/ U( {6 W% g* V) X6 C7 H% B! |(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次* u5 f# `# K1 H* m8 c
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
# h6 B6 E H% }(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞! U \- i% ~% W! x! ^
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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' c$ T D- U! f: ]. a0 ~Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h! X1 W6 m- T9 {8 X. T( `9 e
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1" h1 P/ l" ]1 f: S
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。5 _, i4 t# f; @1 W
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min. ?, O6 y. Y: E/ a- E8 E
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
. [8 n3 ?# U( T! @& o7 L- `(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day., V" w+ S0 k* G, i, K. [- y/ o
PAUSE POINT
7 C4 k* L+ d, |: fThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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7 |/ b v# Z- J [5 f) F解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样) ~% Z6 K v! D! P4 r
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
4 m% A: m2 }! x8 j/ F& f1 I6 ?1 A(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞). w5 C0 [2 R3 j+ h! V& A" t
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)3 S |; K: G; g4 f
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
( S1 _, U. `/ H9 I) a2 c) M(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育; z" K0 i0 C4 U. v( |! i% L( K
(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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- S; O6 C; T4 ]Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
! w# w( Y' i% s) K0 G(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清( N+ B o$ N" |$ Q; U4 c8 H
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
& s, F: x7 B* k. YDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
R% q, k$ C' F! R* q; L8 J(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
! z, ` i% j5 u4 B* R(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S* Y* ~4 i5 s/ l, ?3 Z
(3) 180g离心5min
/ l/ b4 e O, t f+ t6 E(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮0 a& y) _" s z8 p2 U: W% L
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml) N0 j T2 H- p5 d* ?1 Q9 r$ A. C
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2
$ I1 Z1 X$ s T+ jDay 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h8 r1 T5 v% m. b2 X5 x' G
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube* }* V8 t7 C, q! t
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min7 j4 }! F% c9 l* U( H
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min* m& g) c- B8 L) Y- Q4 y
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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6 ^9 e" n$ \+ G- {关键步骤, p* r( V, i Q$ r$ d% a9 `
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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$ z# C, {: H8 k+ [Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h8 N( S T+ c- K! q- E& o' r
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
( Z+ K( W$ j9 n: QPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h+ p5 o7 y0 Y4 z5 M: R# _
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)3 }3 H/ b. B. K+ {( S& Z' g
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗1 ^ p" }: F9 N- P) O g
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
' A, p& l4 @* g; z" w(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中6 d& K4 w* o* X; y
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。: A4 g4 G7 Q5 H4 Q2 ^
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h; b- K6 [; z# b
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。& n) [+ a* F; M$ A* A' S, M3 c! ~
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
3 u% r; v8 [" @8 k$ P(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.! ]1 o7 L, }, R, _7 i
关键步骤& I0 Q! H2 Y( S+ x1 `
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度1 L8 D( L* ~% ]% W) |7 R5 m
; N8 Z% x2 D3 `+ z% `# X+ A(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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9 S/ \- v6 D; y8 c" ~: E5 _+ }; E1 ^Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day0 V9 ]+ O: ?& @$ S4 y+ O$ u$ _
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS/ _) o0 N( p$ K* I! C1 a* G1 x
Day 7 TIMING 5 min
7 C- T1 h+ B+ w6 {弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418- F4 T+ k( y3 y8 e0 ^# M1 {
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
% w0 A* G$ K, ^, x每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
7 P3 q4 m, Y( ?. f9 fDay 11 TIMING 5 min
$ p2 j" A: \0 {9 n2 V) a% _% ^7 B. b For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1" W& N8 S, I4 h4 f2 O
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day9 V0 F N7 Y% t- w/ i D# h( {2 M
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)8 Z" l% Q1 _8 X& e7 b
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
+ `) H4 F% R" Y6 j(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
: X9 D: V* D$ u5 S# J0 C: V(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
5 l) s0 c* ^& M, ] z# w& G(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
3 s: u$ [2 e" ~5 x3 R$ |4 H(4) Wash the dishes with water
" U: e3 G- d+ V0 h3 r, W(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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3 A) Z5 e3 _+ [4 bExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h) ?0 S e* |; h0 ?! ]4 C* e" ^
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞6 @& ]1 M0 p P t" E
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min% e" k; L0 o3 w% u5 J2 t4 A
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
: Z! y3 s, r: s; u5 k(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)4 D3 f, c6 t8 o! |& L& X
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
5 k2 P/ N% [, _(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗, Y/ B. r9 r: v. P5 N
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
& s' X' D3 u/ ^( ^4 r(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
; i5 e5 J4 i. p0 x3 T# Y(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min# q3 U: n& a+ Z2 u6 @! H
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml7 [! Y$ ], f; g) f$ i
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
$ d' \" @) E, ]6 l% |(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
5 v6 V. J) N W! K) ?( U% g(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
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For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.! W* S" {3 h5 J% k
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