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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 : p X$ {6 a4 d/ k- m5 w% j* S8 M
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤' i+ |# u0 d B: y% n
成纤维细胞的制备, w# d4 F6 t( N D/ f, l+ G
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies# R' o* L, T' G2 c6 S6 m
A 时间:15d
* l3 E* o, e' n0 L(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
1 b7 ~* ]/ D0 g- A(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
# Z( n: ~( g) Q+ R/ @(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min 5 Z& N& ^0 V: V
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
9 O, d/ g; v& D. t& i(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
8 ]* y- S' _" b# h" `" |3 b9 V; a(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
8 X- t+ o+ Q* o8 _3 h! \- }8 P(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)3 B4 e5 ?5 @& A6 @
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。- w/ \0 p4 |1 _! H3 F
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
0 n1 D0 `! c0 o- w7 `/ j0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。+ t: ?) L" e" Z
$ M/ m4 a8 `3 l8 I尾尖(B)时间:10d
: ?# a& A) c; s. G+ }1 e" p在此略( o" j5 d) o1 W) S% d
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h% N1 M& a' a! v
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中, B; V/ h! Q4 s8 ?8 j; T
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)" n+ A9 P8 k ^. O) k2 H
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)2 p. g1 A! u& A n. i* T; N
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清/ Y! @4 f. v5 G
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2. k, ? \: V: c, R4 h7 L8 \
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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! t. U. }6 c4 w! h8 ^, p! dSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
! l2 g# P5 f+ G+ T3 L(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
) o K* N3 f% H2 v(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min0 i3 n5 o) T! A, q2 v$ ?# ?) u
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞 z- A/ @! k$ u2 e, a! C
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage# k' m8 j _* E4 c) P' ]
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h' a- q8 T! Q9 T# Y4 s! M; ?
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1# |0 M& ]: B6 |4 e; G1 d0 }' u
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
9 J( N" ^) I$ y# K5 l(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min4 x* H! _1 U3 S) V- P
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
* m4 y: z3 A9 ^, h9 n8 \0 K(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.
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The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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9 T; D: C6 D7 i2 h" ?! [& i解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)* `# X* o( T9 d: ~4 W) W0 ?
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
) G! E' H; k4 J0 U! I' G(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
, j/ P4 c* ^7 j' S& P' S7 a# i" D(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)" }) ~" W8 C1 v3 C
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
* g5 n$ B* p6 f, R(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
# ]6 }$ J s$ W& ^: C0 d' z |(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
3 Z# ~8 o) \6 c6 M/ D(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清$ g P1 }' `$ L) q1 ]
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
/ }. T& v; H+ J; gDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h# j/ z7 s) c o* o' `% q% b
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min$ Z8 q C: z/ d1 s
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
0 q2 L1 [ C+ G9 W(3) 180g离心5min$ j4 X) [; I; `) p7 r0 R
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
( y0 e+ E: o, r2 h5 m/ c3 f7 ~(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml
4 b4 l% u+ |3 W9 b(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2- l- V. d- g3 C( i- @# Q
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h3 M/ T" @( s- h) k9 W4 c" }
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
6 l6 M. F4 |2 k: z3 D3 d$ k(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
" Z8 i# `0 B- m( j: F. J$ }! K(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
" ^8 p6 Z! ^9 \5 \- W(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜9 L/ F, d* \. K
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关键步骤6 q" `9 A* {) f/ f. a( Q
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction0 `+ H! N/ b" z( i- ~+ W) s
J& |5 _7 _3 B5 I* S8 YDay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h& Y; D+ z2 I, ^( C+ V: r
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
; I, ]) f* v6 h0 kPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h" o; O- @ n! A: [ }% {& `
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)
+ ]4 J/ a( n' W/ {6 \. I(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗2 }/ M# A( y1 B) h5 {6 J- y& o
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min* Q' s% t/ v' V1 |
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中( P) I, X* \5 ^+ U: x) ~
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。
) e$ d0 u7 s' N+ k. n0 t% E7 c" SDay 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h9 E5 D6 h( c! f
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
( ] k; e$ F, m4 v(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
) u3 N, X: F8 k7 W5 `(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.: ^! A6 b5 O' s; P' j8 {$ d; L
关键步骤
" c% o, X- U5 W& r, t3 l0 @Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度* R* ?% d( a; c+ Z% v# ^% A
R1 G5 a' G) D ^" {- z: {0 c" y(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜7 ^0 H9 z4 j1 d0 N
! c5 S- c9 L Z* ?* X7 QDay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
% {" m \& r6 i& c8 w( X, A24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS) P: i- y& b2 g- J! ?$ {( P) ^
Day 7 TIMING 5 min
" o$ g8 f8 C: P% o+ o/ m弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418/ }$ G& O' h3 o1 V2 |) K# T: j* T
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day6 `' L: z+ d0 n
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)1 R. s+ W, J9 S0 M9 g; [" ]
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
% |' |% i9 v' D For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
: ^. v" S, Q+ _ e8 `) kDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
' n- G6 {, S: [' M2 Z: P每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)/ N7 S9 y. z! X0 K X* F
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
- o8 `. ^( S! B' n8 K: U1 j4 `! H4 \(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min5 K1 ^9 `6 N* k# E
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.; h. @0 o/ m; @0 @$ |( `, p
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
5 ^& {, J$ [% {4 ^) U" R(4) Wash the dishes with water
9 l1 [) p) l; j(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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& u. R3 T4 ]7 l. {) aExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
5 A/ l3 v4 I0 k4 g6 r7 L(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞/ {% Y. B4 y% Y) q" h. r- a. p
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
" a- k. c5 _$ w9 H) O8 k5 O! p' a(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层- ~, ~* s5 q+ t" B8 h; J# T
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2). p4 O- g/ _8 q( }8 p2 ~
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
3 z. V( k/ d$ F/ ]& x: Q(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗3 l! b; m) V1 o- P2 z
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
4 p" h/ l9 n4 h' L0 F8 N(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
' z' e: P. a1 {) m* T2 |+ I0 N(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
3 x! j9 E1 B! U, D \(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml- R0 A, y8 `. X/ M) ^( [2 a. x1 A( j
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)( k; _: z4 n/ w5 ], n
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
8 e- k& t9 A% o( h, L) p(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
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0 B1 @7 l F) o( j; c- mFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank. i" D) U( {# H; ^4 Y( B% Q0 k
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