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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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/ }0 X4 f1 }/ X4 Q' h# Y在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤% y) f6 O' y. ]$ C. q6 F- s* g
成纤维细胞的制备
0 }3 d, c+ _: q2 n+ E, m: S1 S1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies$ a! }, G6 }2 z- P
A 时间:15d; X3 Q: }3 \- R& R! }3 L" G4 x
(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
/ N2 a' H% m& Z' X) ]* W4 r2 }# a* A(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除) M; T! U' O$ s
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
6 H- }4 E7 j, Z(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min # E0 d+ a3 |% \0 Q/ Y6 Q+ k
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
* K4 t i: a3 w" ^/ ?4 U(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
2 N* Y, b- w2 e4 i# E0 e8 O+ n" c1 u: k(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)
2 H' B& h( h( r* B(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
1 h+ X' h) L! f6 Y. `! E5 j- \(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and; _$ O; m `+ D. k \# G$ G
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。4 {; s* p! O0 y- }
9 E! o) `0 C9 @! C/ Z( N- }4 e- M2 \尾尖(B)时间:10d
8 v' w+ h# l. D- `, x2 w在此略
1 i0 ?( F3 e/ c) N解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
3 [$ I" l9 Y. S6 v9 L(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
7 b" x+ ^% f: j9 p(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
9 x6 R7 y1 u: g: |* v$ R(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1); V9 F) n* Q0 w+ L4 R9 k' }# k
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
& e( Q- b! f1 o. t* d2 Z(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
+ X. t" F9 ^ i+ d. ~6 l孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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3 I* x; d6 L5 B+ j }# \CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h+ I6 }" J7 S- q
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次9 r- _" c6 j9 K0 w* K
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min$ R( g4 O+ o' p/ [# |1 s( w
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞. I4 p4 n- U2 k' \6 r9 e' b6 Q
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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% W) V; @4 H* B3 W$ Y' Q4 S, E: |Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h' b5 ~2 N7 v8 ]6 G/ G$ @" h
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–15 E; y& ^+ e& Q% i, Q; @
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。, }6 z/ Q0 Q; ~( g- ?8 ^
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
. u1 Q: s5 u) S4 g(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
) \6 r @; S0 {6 l' M8 R9 S3 q(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.
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7 | g1 ]7 I+ J7 z6 @7 j1 AThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周3 q6 y F3 p3 i! ~$ G' U3 ~
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)* U9 n2 Z: J/ [1 L$ H
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
+ Q$ r6 c8 ^2 ?- q(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞): N: o7 ?6 W" n2 U% j
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)) m* C- q( T1 v8 ]3 F0 C
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
2 {6 T: K' E9 h9 J6 E' N- l(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
' ^ i, a. W9 h4 ^" h4 r(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h' N6 V) Q' P7 W" R/ d; r
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清- C! Z& @/ p4 q
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合" Y, L2 l" W' |" P+ o
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h( z4 b5 Y6 s) S s
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
3 N, \3 Z; u) S" ]% d(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
% a' v" K9 e/ d" s6 `% D7 _(3) 180g离心5min0 C2 U9 a% f' N2 [. f w
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮2 A# [ |( R& i* r$ e6 Z6 L
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml' k5 D& {7 p" I9 b
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2
" f3 @/ d4 }7 e3 @' ^Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h) L# B4 h; `6 p5 U) X
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
- W7 R, j& j+ F1 y; |/ K! u(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min8 }. V* J! |. l) |
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
# g! l0 P* P' \9 G4 @(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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0 s+ z7 i% J( d9 }) _& U X4 S关键步骤
: B* j' y0 L- N7 i& e6 Y# hAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h1 L) z s0 i( R4 r5 }
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
1 M, M; K ]3 I( l \ l# i6 EPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
' v; x, s X+ w3 E- ^/ u(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)6 _0 f6 @6 F8 Z
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗1 j- |1 W! s, \+ w2 K
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min2 v2 t6 K9 u$ Q3 o+ G. A. D$ f
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
5 H: F. L9 t# h3 }/ T; t9 A(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。- g8 ~8 J; i& B* y
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h4 J& e0 j! } I" z3 a
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。4 u, o+ L0 W" f& k) s
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
$ h* q1 l* d0 R(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.( v v( _% K. E* f8 X
关键步骤
1 ^% [) h0 Y9 @- w* {Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度+ @ n( h5 ]4 q& k) E
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜* d- ^# V$ `" V- q" O6 S; B9 N4 t/ u
% `* C4 i: g1 K5 F; y* \" G! v, x" ^Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day! V! d* o8 J: P% s* G6 |
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
/ l3 l2 \: T$ e `Day 7 TIMING 5 min6 s, e9 p4 V' M1 ]7 I
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
. [; B6 I4 b0 c- H! X% XDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
5 S; j/ G4 Y J& ]! u+ g0 s6 H! b每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
/ z3 U$ |" Q( U0 H' p! X% i/ ]Day 11 TIMING 5 min# Z! U. \1 l2 X7 o1 {4 x
For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1, M" U. m; L. @+ f6 @& E1 ~$ G- h2 P
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day& z- J# ?7 ^8 h
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
' y( L$ M" u8 l/ i$ rCounting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
) J' }5 _% f' y1 J! w6 R. S" x: g0 D(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
6 e2 I; P3 _' V! D(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.% O N! F+ K5 G8 ~
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
% B9 p0 L* A7 ?. `: @(4) Wash the dishes with water
# ?8 s, \/ g$ s( h. m+ b% E9 G6 ~& z(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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% Y" k( R# M0 jExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
8 v; a% U( f' W5 X) F(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞9 e+ ?, R( S( `$ {
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
2 L* D: q/ H! s& w" H& R- Y(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
" i/ e" L3 N3 p7 X! q(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)4 B1 ^% u% {) [& l
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h i+ ~4 {, p+ e
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗( x2 E3 @( `, W) u4 [& v- I; v4 P |
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min3 K% G2 b4 V' D9 J) e2 Q Y6 H
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层* s# D W$ z5 m. R1 e
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
: J+ z/ X6 A; X5 ?: T5 d' ](5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml; z) M$ h& g- ]- I9 t' H
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)3 {+ `, U8 m2 c! _7 k/ E
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀/ h# P5 }9 o N4 H& u) b* Z0 ^$ S6 n/ {
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
7 v+ d5 O6 `5 g7 KPAUSE POINT
. C8 ~2 r( u8 C2 m* {" r3 F$ ^- o2 a5 PFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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