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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤
; W( l! n; q, R/ Q L! x成纤维细胞的制备- Y9 I# N j7 I u
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies
' F9 W5 V" T0 @) ^' I8 f$ gA 时间:15d, w3 W% a& M: A8 Y3 m8 C
(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。# S$ f3 t! A6 f- \2 Y- L
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除( l i0 l; ]& O- _* e% P6 n# b
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min 6 a6 s. J1 L9 r r; h
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min & L: d& H) Y2 b3 V0 @
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开& M3 @! O9 s. n& u$ Z5 G6 a
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。8 W+ }4 U+ j/ G+ Y# G, e O
(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)0 X" [: g- I! ?5 i
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
% h9 b" T- s1 ~) Q8 k6 |! l2 g(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and) g5 V# \" g4 N
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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- p; u: W/ ]( \" v5 ^* C尾尖(B)时间:10d3 F0 W4 f3 o2 M6 V7 b: K
在此略
8 x/ J6 i8 s7 \+ o解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
6 g1 o5 g* s( J4 k' b(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
+ h+ Z5 _2 H* g3 I. y( h' W5 b4 |- |(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
) K3 n( p6 ?* L: s' }7 F' W(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
3 P% P3 V. }6 Q(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清% n+ A# _# _; i7 Q7 D+ Z% W1 o" p
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2# a+ f" q/ h8 ?; ~- N. \2 w
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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; e g: u! { i8 L/ P: s( a$ zSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
, s/ A5 R$ e7 Y% h(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次, H- p, k0 B d5 i, o5 I
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min6 P: s) h: ^- Y' [
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
- O7 `$ q6 g1 F7 C+ m(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h7 D8 b9 x# \# w" c
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
$ n, I) V4 ^9 J) e# R$ S# G X(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
c) D- e" x; `9 W) I(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min. j3 L; @: w3 x, v. N; m
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
3 y8 S2 C7 I$ A' t3 x$ S8 r(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.' w+ w) c. N# b: c6 @1 y
PAUSE POINT$ p; b" `, v; ?3 p8 @2 R! e6 i
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周2 I, b; s. @$ R) p! E4 g
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)' U9 k- Y- E2 B
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中5 I1 p3 u; U+ N* k1 O2 I! s
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)8 f& s L4 E5 R# S* l4 E" U8 `
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
- A/ q; y0 z3 v7 m8 t5 C! G(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清. r9 f( }0 ~ o. u2 p2 f4 ]# p
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
, t& a) h _# C(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合) d* q5 t t* @1 e
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
* ~/ o# _9 M9 [2 g, h(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
% i7 p( r2 p; C( ^7 ^; u* k9 L(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
- t/ f( M: G7 `: P) \+ I% d7 `Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
& Q% z' e' @0 f1 m* ?6 l(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
7 a- c/ C" U3 U8 E0 C5 e(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S; g, W/ W$ l8 ^- g9 {! x- v- |
(3) 180g离心5min
2 L7 L; s9 _* Q% ?- p4 {(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
5 }0 Q0 L9 R- o& K7 F2 T$ T(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml. h3 K& w G, E: n$ H1 h2 l6 S
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2+ R% W9 `8 f! e: k$ M( d
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h- @2 m% B( S8 K5 i9 Y1 w; `, ^
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube; t9 q9 D }* s; t+ a
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min5 i5 ^ @1 z: s4 ]9 P
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
* I) F% y) F Q, p(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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关键步骤
, n }3 H# O7 O7 m0 wAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
; f( Z4 Q6 ^9 `# r吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator: I' s& r6 j G7 m% p/ d; Y
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
0 g7 V& ^/ K/ `0 X& y* E(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)
( t' \0 o9 H0 K$ E(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗2 O; v# t; ?$ |1 x: s5 [3 P! ?
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
6 M! n/ V! \2 C, z, j(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中/ k, v2 ?2 R% o: {
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。* z: ~. P3 S% C( K) ]2 _8 B) I
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h3 w! v! b6 f' q$ h# {' {7 B
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
2 T' B, H2 r( l7 i(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–10 }6 C6 x& g2 {5 |9 m6 N
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.9 B0 L, r* L2 |) j- O; a
关键步骤
9 y; Y/ u; k+ Y8 eRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度4 { g$ ?" m3 H3 H
0 X ]) {5 J; y9 J(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜/ D4 y1 S' O; l$ u# f, a3 u
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
7 K: K0 h" z) e5 E5 y$ A24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS. W( [2 x5 P8 D4 {5 W
Day 7 TIMING 5 min5 Z- D/ i: Y8 F5 C1 w
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G4186 f: b7 f. L! R& g! Q. L2 u
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
- c. q2 I3 o+ v1 _9 u8 c每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)$ e( V" X' U: @
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
) v7 o1 R7 u I1 `. g. x6 _ For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
" O! n! p5 v. C/ L* i4 C- Z) uDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day( u E5 y7 G" \8 a$ }2 e
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)) F1 Y0 ?: C- C& L) P8 N
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
/ @# I: K& j; f(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min- ?! h4 w5 \1 L7 {: M0 }
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
& k4 ?6 `: t8 {(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
$ }8 j. u2 H# g O6 h(4) Wash the dishes with water
9 R6 V* j% O* q" W(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies./ ^- R# b/ }. q, i8 g
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
; ^) p, r+ o+ T; \9 A) p: R& S$ c(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞' O+ h3 K0 q5 t% i( {! |
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min- G" x' Y% B. T6 w; O0 Y" e
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层# N3 Z$ _/ ~- s& a, l
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)
7 o2 X$ s D" i6 ^" s: @Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
8 o& y1 a! B: d* M+ g" V(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
" I/ m( n5 {$ w0 i, s(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min- {9 B1 c* L& d7 K7 N
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层( c. q; _ l4 W+ N! v
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min) k& g r: O# \4 D A# A' q
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
4 w$ v$ S# c5 {% |, {+ D, K1 B(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
/ P7 T" o% |* ?4 M. ]# V(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
/ W; D- ~1 i/ [( J, u(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
" u4 z {2 j! F. S3 ]% k2 LPAUSE POINT
% a1 p# s. H, S. [! K+ ^- bFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank., Q0 X$ I* r. Y+ K/ e* l0 p
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