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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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5 E" B; m( i% [$ Q( [) b在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤# O" \$ k1 Y9 G* q0 n. ~3 a
成纤维细胞的制备# Y) F ^% J8 d% [- q/ m4 F
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies+ c( l. u* d4 r% U
A 时间:15d
% v" O. [* |4 o/ s9 R% ~9 T/ w3 v( n(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
9 Z- E1 [5 l% ^6 T, O1 U+ e4 d8 r. _* }(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
! k" w# |' R. N) i$ h( h(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min 7 H$ N Q4 E5 ]
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min * H6 V) k; B5 }+ F
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开3 n1 G4 t. m( S/ `3 i0 p
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
( S1 z% E. t" n# _2 G' a; D; C% x9 r(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)0 g8 F6 q0 x% ?- I6 ~! S/ y
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
4 v1 U: A) k. _( r% E: q( |(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and5 X0 o: M: D K. k6 c! f
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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h) O8 I) C. S8 B尾尖(B)时间:10d
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解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h; Z4 F! v- I6 i" P3 v6 C! x5 t
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
8 ~$ Z- H6 F7 K: _" p$ K(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)! P2 l1 V: n5 Q! r* s0 t
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
8 K2 ~. d, D |% K(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清3 p- X; e1 u- q* h2 p' I: N
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO23 Q M; c0 Y$ x: [" C
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合! p7 c7 J' D5 F& _
1 ]. t. z. V+ V6 r% t. bCRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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6 |* J/ S/ S) u8 o9 }. dSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
: ~+ w( [4 s6 M2 ]9 K(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次* f3 f) e& B' }
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min9 a/ {" N) x1 ~3 p: I* V
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
( Y9 N; J+ p; l+ W$ u. \4 _; x(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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& w8 s3 g- o& g0 ]- M6 d6 @Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h2 k% ?# O! ^. ^$ O7 j/ O
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1: z( ?8 h, Y" {( P0 ~" V
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。: R3 |* T6 x( I$ |+ Q. ]
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min' c1 M6 k \2 G" x Y i* X- ^
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
2 x9 V7 q0 }" q0 ^8 U, E2 y(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.5 {9 [9 J# B) o1 V
PAUSE POINT
; b& R5 x* d: h% g2 ^The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周: ? U$ Y! V( a
' [ v6 Q+ y( ~) F) T0 v5 U解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
) b# J4 L# X. T(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
9 D4 b1 ~" Z& V(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
, y7 C+ C$ f9 A- Y) R7 o7 o(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)) i4 x& X8 e/ H# r. Z* }. V7 L5 }
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清4 ]3 @! ~; o" q+ V- K
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
% M |- j/ Z; A1 m(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合$ x/ J& B* T+ {' Z# ]; Z( ?
$ J3 U" u# M7 IPlat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
' k4 x. q5 W5 F+ I) B. C$ V(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
" x/ _* S* S* \, i+ J$ k0 i(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
# O! H6 t% ^: `: X$ |% R8 v2 ?Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h& V- d8 ?( e: r. \8 ~: B
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
" R- ~1 J) ^& Q @: ^5 [6 A- |(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S1 R; _& S1 t" r4 @! j% t
(3) 180g离心5min
# O7 S* D* B; `& _(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
( F4 v+ o7 Q) @4 a7 l. N- D: G8 c(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml+ t1 ^) r- E5 }. H
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2& i* `. E( o8 u/ @8 Y
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
# u! e2 i) {4 l$ h(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube! x4 P" H7 Y2 n1 d' a8 A
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min9 z4 X- o6 e+ K6 F& q
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
: i7 o1 R% k9 s( J+ `5 g) U(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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关键步骤
# |7 ^! H1 N# [ m2 w) K9 X1 V: pAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h4 J9 s/ B4 d1 t3 o! A
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator$ U) z# `6 q7 J3 U
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h9 g! j* G) [4 H4 n0 N
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)1 z! q2 e- u. A: b& t# ^, q
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
8 E9 g4 L2 T \, v+ `8 O; r+ q(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min; j* i* h3 a' o6 q9 b! U' V
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中- r3 @- O; K3 g- M; D' B
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。5 ?# ~/ i" J+ g- M$ {
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h" ]; a* S' v1 q0 t
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
/ i9 b; k" d1 K2 ?9 c( Q6 [(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–10 ^& V, T% J& p& ]7 b
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
! B; Q( @1 ]. u关键步骤, c5 R+ n9 H9 o/ S) L
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度% v2 \4 l+ ]1 i) Y0 [+ {
* o$ L. }! q. o+ X1 e5 b(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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: e5 g) r, H9 d4 A. E1 `Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day; e" h2 w0 E& s" z p0 [
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS+ {1 |- g: P$ M; u; C& c
Day 7 TIMING 5 min
$ j+ j' l" E* J, o4 B弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418" X. @5 A0 d# q; ^8 ]: G
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
3 Z/ h [1 ]! H5 q每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
6 ]- x5 V- x* k) p/ [Day 11 TIMING 5 min
W. ^' Q. A7 L# B For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1 G$ j1 ?4 W; @- t7 L9 m
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day) @8 Z! C, k* ^& A
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)6 v2 ~% J3 [; M8 U: d2 Y+ W
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
5 N7 {7 F+ k, P3 P$ t8 w(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
5 Y2 Y' Z) z0 H- _(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
# ~2 I2 }9 H2 E. \/ k1 d- p(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
) G- r+ I+ Z/ ^; J8 a(4) Wash the dishes with water
: d3 @2 a+ @: H7 X1 b- X& S(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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9 e) r2 a( J. f& k8 I6 aExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
& y" r, _) I0 T/ @7 l* [( u( Q: d: h(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
# e/ D* s/ s! d* L$ F(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
: T4 n. W$ T% T) b ^(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层9 I0 k# u5 t2 C: T1 `% V
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)
& ^# L0 a' R; t6 bPreparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
/ @+ V' E- v$ S! P5 g" _4 }* \& I8 d(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗+ v. P* R3 h3 A7 u0 J% J( C
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
/ w( c. e- `4 x4 R5 p P# S1 y(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
s E4 a: V6 O! H9 h' J(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min1 \+ M' e% s: R9 d
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml: {: }# E7 ]# I. R
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml), L- x$ N' `9 D& F$ O" V
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀) C3 w8 F( \; Z) S
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)! Q4 Q( o+ A3 } }9 P. I
PAUSE POINT" X* }0 t2 u4 j. u: _! T% [2 B
For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.8 A( @ }$ ]" s) p! w' X$ o
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