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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
5 r; }* l% n: K+ F
- o& V/ b8 [5 U在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤7 ~5 `3 i; L. n
成纤维细胞的制备
4 \! L; ]1 x% b# T% D- K+ ]1 a: q1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies: W+ z; E9 R/ j
A 时间:15d
6 A* F3 u# A7 ]# r. r3 u(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
8 w8 ]0 H/ y8 ^4 R(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
5 r2 m2 s# o1 I# u) A l" m* v(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
. o6 S9 ?- j+ ~7 x5 e: z1 A8 ~$ ~+ _(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
: L( y) K6 {# T u! D& I: x1 Q(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开! m9 Z9 ^; ]) L$ |
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
1 r. r+ w* Q1 x, `1 o( P' l(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)9 M N6 C# o6 N+ F. K& X) |
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。# F; o- T1 ^: r7 Y
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and& r7 U3 u" Z% a; Q9 U5 w6 e
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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+ P; ?1 Q+ K; i. E5 A尾尖(B)时间:10d: d0 a9 K6 p5 g; B, e
在此略
# T0 j: ?3 d' Z解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h& b- o" A' Y# \' f" K
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
$ [: V; {( O5 g4 t7 h: A$ r7 {(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
& T, k) y/ v5 b) B: l; O(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
. b) A1 J, h6 v# o* l4 V(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
, ^, T, d) y# {+ b8 _% i! r(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2. C1 [, E( u# ]0 J8 A4 u$ j% B
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合2 |# B- h% A4 { J% D, F
8 U$ j/ E: p' h1 n5 \+ h. bCRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。$ D3 p% k) L8 }2 N0 ]
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
6 _: V1 O4 d+ K* b! M(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
: \6 A2 S/ Y5 {) e(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
6 w" C8 [- U% Z( k2 R(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
8 T4 \7 Q; t& L: o2 V& M(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h# Y# A6 e, n; g, `* ~! K8 N3 y
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
6 j5 f- Q u# [8 u# \(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。" t, i1 W6 v4 r3 i6 s; D
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min$ L r5 ]" o+ M' j6 @
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)9 f! x# m* n7 o4 t7 D
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.
+ c3 N; r1 n$ k7 ], n o$ sPAUSE POINT
8 P; z! u, E/ o1 Z% vThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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/ R, ?8 T8 T0 M! c, Q2 C3 K1 B0 N解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
9 P5 e5 m: M; D1 L(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
# Q; w; T b, [$ Z# h9 Y(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)& k2 P0 w& G- P0 B" K9 y2 o- n0 ?$ Y
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
( W) U. i2 l8 J; e(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
* B! V9 R# m' I2 z/ s! v(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
; O, m s {6 Q: c I. H(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合2 ~) B. P- k: }$ f8 N. Z, _
; @% N8 E; h0 \Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h1 f$ c, Z7 K0 a: O$ b3 c6 H
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清, h& j h! Z4 T6 ^
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合$ z8 g4 P! E- y3 C
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h* D( g5 H* g: S2 n2 b, e0 F
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
/ d5 N8 \: i% C(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
& ^- a2 @) E1 t* Q( H(3) 180g离心5min- K2 @0 @; m G) Z: p
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮1 i. m- P8 d- W
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml2 T8 H9 r* X8 R2 Q* f/ k
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2' B# c6 a2 z8 v) L7 E: f
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h8 u' ^- O5 Y/ j9 J
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
& ~1 E0 J8 I0 K `- ~(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
' b6 r: E6 X2 }# A0 b& d(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
+ ~8 c2 W w. F3 {(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜8 S/ z0 J- x; Y5 D3 d
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关键步骤
) C$ D, C: J+ s/ s, Z eAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction. j2 v* ` z* A. @3 ^1 v
; q* N0 M$ y) t( Q* j1 w- O( IDay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
; r3 l7 L! _3 s" w吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator# t" R; U$ ?# `2 X) A
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
) _! o$ E! {) T0 g# D6 V(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)5 o4 U1 F* _6 I r6 p* t
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗8 R* _' ?* p; U3 c2 Q4 s
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min4 m( o" f: v1 ?; [' U2 ^8 f* v9 {
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中) z* i, b# j! \* T& I/ D
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。
) e4 F. k2 L. a1 f* `2 LDay 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h
- p) ^" I3 d- h(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。; I* V: P6 ?$ H% R
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
' I% q. Z& J7 |% n5 p9 q9 i) [0 O(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.1 S# z( r: {) S. P) N% _
关键步骤
9 _. z% J3 i9 g+ VRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度* |& ?4 f3 W4 y) `& I) A1 [- M
; u& o! m8 v) B1 T(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜4 ?1 o- a |: X/ l; [# }
6 n: V, Y; M: O9 ODay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day2 ^! h: m" U) h
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS* B, f. P% I9 z
Day 7 TIMING 5 min
: A' Y6 K8 r7 S8 ?9 ^6 L3 A# F; F0 g弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
* P) n: B: l; K/ p8 K1 z& h' ]Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
' z" D' S0 c! {每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后). Q% P; o7 L4 N& |1 f
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
) S0 ~# M7 c0 L& ~; j8 E For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1# l# k/ x5 y- ~+ x
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
4 E, Z* r9 x- ^) M2 e2 _每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
K' v( F5 {# R0 O1 ]+ L9 D3 {Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d8 {3 V. |0 }+ x- i- Z% V: W# Q9 f
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min0 a8 J. L- p" `' P. _
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
" R/ | c3 Z% g7 ?$ K/ ](3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
9 k: ?0 A3 u _3 l9 L5 A(4) Wash the dishes with water
! [4 j- @0 \2 K6 z/ @(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
( U# _' \3 U7 s( J; m5 ?) s' }" t# x! [(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞) y; ]; k- r5 P: E( W8 t/ f
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min( V: y$ D7 k: ? }( o c0 a9 F9 Y% K
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层 S3 j0 u8 z/ v
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)
, K j I _+ F/ L3 h9 rPreparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h# L3 u' e1 ]& m$ h8 ?( O4 O1 O
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
# X2 T* r7 [) H" {(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min2 ]) s# {8 t+ s r- _
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
7 O2 I3 g( w9 |+ `; d$ @5 u( v; z(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
; r8 l: ^% e& h8 E) f; ~# l(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
5 J) w8 x, K9 y' T1 i2 r(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
2 q+ E, c4 X$ s" m* J/ k6 ]; x(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀% l, n7 b- f' V7 w" q# z
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
0 d' E' h8 e" P% _9 `! o- bPAUSE POINT
5 b& i) Y- O8 J" n4 f; [For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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