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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
1 C! j, `: j% _2 b) O0 {
* ]/ O. f4 Z4 i: {& w* ]在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤
# S) C1 O- g. B$ b) h成纤维细胞的制备5 M {3 h6 g% {' ~' B
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies j3 f. A4 T; s$ Q
A 时间:15d
8 W& j0 E3 ?% M: c# H& O+ z* q(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
1 L+ j+ m" ~4 D; t7 `(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
- h# x% j: S/ c' z& A" C5 ]' C6 `(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min , A3 E% |9 Y, T# y5 B1 V7 H
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min $ y/ F% @! ]' [4 b, a
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
Z1 P6 H5 l; v9 L' ]4 x" M8 L(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
7 V+ \# S, ?+ x+ W9 v(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)
7 M/ |5 G( i2 r( G(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
' ^$ ]0 t: N r3 x(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and O5 c- I* e. N/ x$ E7 c5 {1 s; S
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。' q, i# l4 L X
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尾尖(B)时间:10d
4 D) u$ ]0 w% [1 ^9 D在此略0 y; L H, I+ t. p% C7 U
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
! h* {9 o* y: L(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
C& R3 m2 J* f(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
! J' Q! `! Y. `; ]: @(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)9 E' v- _; q( e' z4 y6 ?
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清/ C1 _, G( N. w* }& i8 }- ]- A
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
2 D! R# n4 x! ^+ U3 w孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
2 b1 w- Z3 k, k% {(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次# d, U$ f3 T9 @( e2 X8 ~; V& l5 E7 A
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min: V3 s# w0 {5 t$ T+ z: Z" ]* g
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞! h* y5 [9 K5 T8 z& t
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage7 T- \' i* K" Z/ w+ s
' P0 V( Y A2 d$ R6 lMitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h) ?" {' `1 ], {% \& u4 B& D, I5 Z# U; |
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
5 Y- g; T! e: I* M5 d2 B! A(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。0 C& B- N# `5 g6 [
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
# }! E, i F* O' z. p(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
) K+ u6 v q% M+ M' m A- L(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.
( z# i! y9 A# r- U+ DPAUSE POINT+ R* F! Z7 i7 w$ p" S$ r2 Z3 E
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周# r0 c9 Q- |& ?2 B
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样). Z0 _" h- p$ G$ j/ D
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中; K! _" X3 _. ~; H: Y @) B9 g7 @7 x+ k
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)- c+ F- m1 x6 Z3 ^
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1), Q+ i4 \# ?6 g1 R
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清" m2 e9 [1 d& S4 d
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
! R; X- I' x4 s1 F5 f4 v- M(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合( I, Z2 a0 e6 P7 Q
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h; H% c' i5 @, [6 H# _3 X- m) ]
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
6 t! F* k* d4 W. m(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
+ b$ h" p. W$ X5 b4 N# tDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
) a6 \- l! B$ n. R: j+ ^(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
6 B# V; ?) O i7 `6 ?, v: X(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
3 O* U- o9 J Z5 n$ v6 e(3) 180g离心5min
6 n F) f4 W9 D: Z, z. K9 r(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
( i/ y6 i3 w4 ?(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml9 Q3 E8 g: _# W3 B) H
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2
% N1 W; x3 F9 r U$ Z$ ~7 k0 E; R4 UDay 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
' h; L8 {5 g3 E3 l4 p+ p' K(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube& Y/ F7 A1 }* o& B
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
* x u0 \7 }! Q- _1 q) @9 W! I(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min7 ?0 F; @; ^; J$ K$ v
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜' o- u9 P0 P: |+ d) g& ]
2 C2 {+ S) |. ~9 M关键步骤
' D% G, p" o) ?1 X# S m5 _Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction! w8 N |4 \: a) s7 k, t1 R# y
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
7 V' D5 o3 R% q2 l- u% `2 o吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
* {2 a5 c6 I8 t' H4 z/ x( sPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
" t' Q$ U& z3 t. q( P(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)3 R c& n$ i6 ~
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
7 u0 d" `( { d: A/ t3 B7 ^% {(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min, k- I! ~4 I/ u
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
! _7 a. D8 c' z8 h(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。! C2 I/ e1 E! u; w% ~5 @4 w
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h) h/ {8 V8 i1 l; I
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。9 E' m% V0 M9 b( G- T
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1 D m" { @$ L% z
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
' {3 S6 q$ X) {$ q关键步骤
0 A: {( B/ A/ n' lRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度1 o6 h1 ^; [$ s( q
9 x( g& `3 G! M- l* T; f( c, V(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜/ B6 n: r- c/ U8 V& G9 ?% b
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day2 P, ^: \( Y/ y9 B/ l- u- ^) m; S
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
! d+ h2 S9 p( V/ L1 }; hDay 7 TIMING 5 min
6 K3 e; l$ c" F/ X( |弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
0 E" H: c) P( a* p3 fDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day+ F2 k! A/ Y! L1 O. v# i+ y
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)- O3 A2 q) t1 K' k; D4 X( Z% }
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
: r& ^5 }- X' e( y9 w- G For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1! @# R7 Y8 G1 x4 S& ]2 k2 z
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day; Y) J' l" P9 {# z7 u
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)" ~, s( S8 E [2 X# |7 ~: @: p& g* X( @
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
, C) V/ @# Q0 q7 k+ d% ]8 T(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
. D3 `: e- v8 ~$ p6 m" Q- G/ k(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
r: { e4 J0 o/ D(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min# l: y2 Y- G# D$ s/ m0 k( R$ P
(4) Wash the dishes with water* ]1 C% r* Z. u5 \
(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.8 c# ?' z! P6 f7 V7 f
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
3 ]3 C8 c& I- |( V+ i(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞% X: N. d7 R) C; x: d5 X, _
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min! C5 t5 M; [8 I
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层7 P9 D, |" w' v( ?
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)
4 K& U" t; ?" |' }$ s. Y1 aPreparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h3 q5 S5 e: L9 Q
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
/ I; f4 K5 W" q" r4 A8 n(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
# X) S$ `4 P' i! u. M(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
6 a# a( J7 M3 M. |/ h( F(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min" f1 s3 J, B" z3 R/ }0 L; I
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml+ P/ k$ j1 Q* Y* F! \
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)# G( j7 V0 D1 L; L% L
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
6 A! X7 f8 A8 P5 t(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
% S: h I+ X+ ~PAUSE POINT
* Y* H1 c) F7 u8 E6 cFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.' {! V/ ]' [7 {! w, c0 p
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