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而Thomson小组则可谓从头开始，他们独自确定了14种新的候选重组基因。通过系统的排除过程，他们最终也使用了4个基因——OCT3，SOX2，NANOG和LIN28，其中前两个和Yamanaka小组是相同的。Thomson和同事利用的是胎儿皮肤细胞以及一个新生儿的包皮细胞。与Yamanaka小组相比，这项研究需要1万个细胞才能分离出一个iPC细胞系，但对实验而言已经足够了。相关论文在线发表于《科学》上。
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& n: f' e4 Q$ f; x 美国遗传学与社会中心（Center for Genetics and Society）的政策分析家Jesse Reynolds表示，“这一发现在科学和与干细胞研究相关的政治问题上，都无异于一次地震。” 3 y1 z6 X7 d; K1 n+ L5 F) n: x' b
2 _8 X% B6 k, c9 ^6 d. e 尽管新的发现带来了巨大的希望，不过这两种技术都存在一些弊端。比如，用于携带4种基因的滤过性逆转录病毒载体会导致由iPC细胞发育成的组织中出现肿瘤。因此，研究人员和其他科学家普遍认为，下一步研究要通过开启基因的方式来实现重组，而不是插入新的副本。美国哈佛大学的Douglas Melton表示，“在细胞中加入小分子实现相同的基因网络指日可待。” % [( v; X O( R( y& u* m3 M. u! Z
+ V s- b6 a! n [$ d3 F 美国密歇根州立大学从事干细胞研究的Jose Cibelli表示，到那时，“整个领域都会发生彻底的改变，而担心干细胞伦理问题的人则必须找到新的活干。”（科学网 任霄鹏/编译）) }( ?$ a0 k7 e2 c8 W/ t
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原始出处: x9 `- e J. \9 x- |! N2 {- z
( [/ A; z; A+ ?4 _$ I" GPublished Online November 20, 2007
% S" u: Y, @* \Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1151526
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Submitted on October 9, 2007
1 w7 q! z1 n( I& b7 ^Accepted on November 14, 2007
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9 ~0 _6 V$ |# [) N" zInduced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Somatic Cells
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Junying Yu 1*, Maxim A. Vodyanik 2, Kim Smuga-Otto 1, Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget 1, Jennifer L Frane 3, Shulan Tian 4, Jeff Nie 4, Gudrun A. Jonsdottir 4, Victor Ruotti 4, Ron Stewart 4, Igor I. Slukvin 5, James A. Thomson 6*
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3 n" ?) f5 r( [0 @, W% [, x3 v1 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1580, USA.; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA.
: A$ u5 |$ O# J6 N2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA., m7 G: g" c1 @% Z' q# f( v, `6 V
3 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1580, USA." p# y, ]4 Y. g
4 WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI 53707-7365, USA.+ ]2 n0 C2 w6 W9 y8 n6 e
5 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
8 a1 ?1 M f: ` Z! M3 ^6 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1580, USA.; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA.; Department of Anatomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1509, USA.3 ?) ^+ x6 @# W+ y) l1 k/ t
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/ ?# _% }6 L: b# u* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
}- {0 s9 X; ]1 g4 h0 UJunying Yu , E-mail: jyu@primate.wisc.edu
& w ~* F# t& X( ~- RJames A. Thomson , E-mail: thomson@primate.wisc.edu # M2 m+ |! p+ s2 V
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Somatic cell nuclear transfer allows trans-acting factors present in the mammalian oocyte to reprogram somatic cell nuclei to an undifferentiated state. Here we show that four factors (OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28) are sufficient to reprogram human somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells that exhibit the essential characteristics of embryonic stem cells. These human induced pluripotent stem cells have normal karyotypes, express telomerase activity, express cell surface markers and genes that characterize human ES cells, and maintain the developmental potential to differentiate into advanced derivatives of all three primary germ layers. Such human induced pluripotent cell lines should be useful in the production of new disease models and in drug development as well as application in transplantation medicine once technical limitations (for example, mutation through viral integration) are eliminated. |
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发表于 2009-6-28 20:56
发表于 2009-6-29 12:32
