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A ‘higher order’ of telomere regulation: telomere
5 c, @ F+ W, S8 L5 pheterochromatin and telomeric RNAs0 {6 {" [; D* ]; [, l7 u
2 @0 ^6 C8 H1 E, Y& m# A- ^" n
EMBO 20090 C. {* I% Z* I& Q
Protection of chromosome ends from DNA repair and
: Y1 ^1 ]7 q8 [. ldegradation activities is mediated by specialized protein5 M6 b3 j1 `7 \
complexes bound to telomere repeats. Recently, it has
" Q. _0 `4 ^9 E0 g' B. y, X: p5 k" Abecome apparent that epigenetic regulation of the( N; H; U- F& ~4 |. @
telomeric chromatin template critically impacts on
9 {$ R& B( f' q- {% z0 Itelomere function and telomere-length homeostasis from
9 e% a; T# @" `. q1 J, \* Hyeast to man. Across all species, telomeric repeats as well" l! c" z8 n/ B2 H7 U
as the adjacent subtelomeric regions carry features of
; P0 ]2 {; q5 arepressive chromatin. Disruption of this silent chromatin5 H2 L6 J' }$ ~* J
environment results in loss of telomere-length control7 B0 k+ m) a* a5 `
and increased telomere recombination. In turn, progressive% \% P) J0 R+ X" F
telomere loss reduces chromatin compaction at' T$ C. c9 o4 g/ S9 q v+ c1 ~
telomeric and subtelomeric domains. The recent discoveries
K" g. J1 L4 q# Yof telomere chromatin regulation during early mammalian
" w1 j& S9 x- l2 w7 a' b/ Ydevelopment, as well as during nuclear% }6 O: d; D. A
reprogramming, further highlights a central role of telomere
, C. b3 a. A; ichromatin changes in ontogenesis. In addition,5 e' _- T+ O j1 R# T
telomeres were recently shown to generate long, noncoding
; \) [% m8 C; O8 O$ _" ~RNAs that remain associated to telomeric chromatin' w9 S1 |! t$ s+ R
and will provide new insights into the regulation of, s+ t8 I% k' m2 h0 y7 j
telomere length and telomere chromatin. In this review," Z3 g5 j9 |( O, R) {* E) ~
we will discuss the epigenetic regulation of telomeres
8 Y7 m0 h2 p* N I( Q o \" s3 pacross species, with special emphasis on mammalian h6 S8 M& {# p8 i$ p
telomeres. We will also discuss the links between# J5 q3 x$ d3 k5 L2 U1 j* J) _, F
epigenetic alterations at mammalian telomeres and
4 `9 {- n1 l! j! o6 ~0 f& ]2 dtelomere-associated diseases. |
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发表于 2010-4-7 10:11
发表于 2010-4-20 16:04
