科学家在人耳中发现软骨干细胞

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作者：Hideki Taniguchi 来源：PNAS 发布时间：2011-8-17   , ~; _* N; f6 S. E5 _* Q
  
3 Q  R; [! \( ~& M8 D" U日本研究人员8月8日在美国《国家科学院院刊》（PNAS）网络版上发表论文说，他们在人耳中发现了可发育为软骨的干细胞。! J4 d5 A5 r1 }; G# i' |' l

4 ]: o! {/ r0 L( K5 d横滨市立大学教授谷口英树率领的研究小组，在对小耳症患者切除的耳软骨进行分析时发现，覆盖耳软骨的膜中存在一种特殊细胞，这一细胞具有发育为软骨等组织的干细胞性质。" m* A2 }* k0 v- |7 e
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研究人员成功在试管中将这种软骨干细胞培育为成熟软骨细胞，然后将其移植到实验鼠背部皮肤上，最后形成了软骨。这种再生软骨在实验鼠身上维持了约10个月。. G! O5 S% v- t! Y1 X
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研究小组认为，利用这一成果，今后在治疗鼻骨骨折、面部骨折等面部变形时，有望从患者耳中采集软骨干细胞，进行软骨细胞培养并移植到患者的腹部皮下脂肪，等软骨细胞发育成一定程度大小的软骨后，移植到患部。# E" H  P' }0 Y4 N5 e
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研究人员计划在获得日本厚生劳动省批准后，最早明年开始临床研究。（来源：新华网 蓝建中）  
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Reconstruction of human elastic cartilage by a CD44+ CD90+ stem cell in the ear perichondrium
& _  B6 ?4 n( v0 q& r& y' P- h: y. TShinji Kobayashia,b,1, Takanori Takebea,1, Midori Inuia, Sayaka Iwaia, Hiroomi Kana, Yun-Wen Zhenga, Jiro Maegawac, and Hideki Taniguchia,d,28 w  x: Z" ^) \
+ Author Affiliations
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& A* @" a7 C( ^1 IDepartments of aRegenerative Medicine and 7 d( a! W, r, ]9 b1 G
cPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan; 7 g! d7 t7 C6 `% u
dAdvanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan; and
6 V% c$ U0 n5 K* \bDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama 232-8555, Japan
* G! r! T2 r0 K. ]: d5 l  W3 WEdited by Robert Langer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, and approved July 14, 2011 (received for review June 16, 2011)
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Abstract
$ z* L+ z0 ~* M2 d* {' ]' n+ o" XDespite the great demands for treating craniofacial injuries or abnormalities, effective treatments are currently lacking. One promising approach involves human elastic cartilage reconstruction using autologous stem/progenitor populations. Nevertheless, definitive evidence of the presence of stem cells in human auricular cartilage remains to be established. Here, we demonstrate that human auricular perichondrium, which can be obtained via a minimally invasive approach, harbors a unique cell population, termed as cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs). The clonogenic progeny of a single CD44+ CD90+ CSPC displays a number of features characteristic of stem cells. Highly chondrogenic CSPCs were shown to reconstruct large (>2 cm) elastic cartilage after extended expansion and differentiation. CSPC-derived cartilage was encapsulated by a perichondrium layer, which contains a CD44+ CD90+ self-renewing stem/progenitor population and was maintained without calcification or tumor formation even after 10 mo. This is a unique report demonstrating the presence of stem cells in auricular cartilage. Utilization of CSPCs will provide a promising reconstructive material for treating craniofacial defects with successful long-term tissue restoration. * C# K" t4 F, x7 M7 P. G

$ g0 T. ?2 L; q% U* g* A0 _" `http://www.pnas.org/content/earl ... 2-bfee-fa871e5c1615

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美日科学家真的已经处于“第二起跑线上”了吗？我觉得目前研究热点有些过热，大牛们还应当冷静下来分析分析，小子在这不敢妄语