本帖最后由 sunsong7 于 2012-2-7 22:06 编辑
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# q1 q' j, X$ P1 S9 O3 _7 f来源：中国日报网 发布时间：2012-2-7 , R2 E' d- m3 J# k+ N' o% K
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通过液体活检法，科学家能够为癌细胞“染色”，使得这些游走在血管中的特殊致命细胞在特殊光线照射下呈荧光色，从而帮助医疗人员追踪癌细胞扩散的方向，快速制定诊断方案。: J7 i8 {/ i) w6 b. \- D/ X0 G
. j" d% c! f- B4 n0 [# @据英国《每日邮报》2月3日报道，美国科学家日前发现了一种新的癌细胞体内定位技术——“液体活检法”。通过这种方法，科学家能够为癌细胞“染色”，使得这些游走在血管中的特殊致命细胞在特殊光线照射下呈荧光色，从而帮助医疗人员追踪癌细胞扩散的方向，快速制定诊断方案。, z! c- C! g3 S& ?& ?, D! s
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活检是活体组织检查的简称，是在治疗前后用手术方法或穿刺、内窥镜器械获取人体组织的一种病理学检查方法，其目的在于指导临床诊断、制定治疗计划，并随访证实治疗效果。据液体活检方法研究报告作者彼得·库恩教授介绍，液体活检技术的核心在于使用含有特定抗体的染色剂来绑定循环肿瘤细胞（CTCs）中的蛋白质，从而起到定位、染色和显色的效果。
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) h7 V7 s% s. g/ r5 m: R库恩教授指出：“也就是说，一旦这些染色剂进入血液循环系统，就会自动搜索各种癌细胞的位置并迅速绑定在癌细胞外，并根据癌细胞内蛋白质的不同，显示出不同的荧光色。这样，医疗人员就可以通过高清显微镜直接追踪癌细胞扩散的方式和路径，或针对显微镜拍摄下来的图像做进一步临床分析，并及时诊断病人的病情。同时，这项技术还能够帮助我们了解癌细胞通过新陈代谢方式入侵人体其他部分的途径。”
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据悉，研究人员已使用液体活检方式对68名癌症病人的血样进行了检测，均取得了理想的结果。这些病人中包含乳腺癌、前列腺癌和胰腺癌患者。使用液体活检技术后，其中50%至80%的病人每毫升血样中都发现了5个以上的循环肿瘤细胞。- C: E7 v0 o$ J# f
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美国国家癌症研究所的拉里博士表示，将液体活检这种自然科学研究中常用的检测方法应用于临床医学中是一项伟大的创举，对于癌症患者来说可谓是福音。
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http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2096040/Fluid-biopsy-transform-cancer-treatment-making-tumour-cells-glow-dark.html* b, L5 u& ]5 @" g7 O
7 C: \7 f/ F9 r5 G4 G8 m& ], G'Fluid biopsy' could transform cancer treatment by making tumour cells glow in the dark
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7 X" V7 J) m$ ^By Lauren Paxman
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- L7 F' L( m# b' J3 C. j8 oLast updated at 5:22 PM on 3rd February 2012& _5 c& F) I7 ]8 H. U7 G* |# i
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Cancer treatment could be transformed by a new 'fluid biopsy' technique that spotlights tumour cells in the bloodstream, scientists say.
$ @& E/ A% z) o# S9 S0 S' b9 { Researchers in the U.S. have developed a way of attaching fluorescent 'tags' to cancer cell proteins, making them glow under special light conditions.0 x, A4 R/ Q1 u9 p! `
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A new 'fluid biopsy' technique has been developed that spotlights tumour cells in the bloodstream - making them glow (pictured)
* p- ]) ^" @$ h4 s! Q The technique - successfully tested on patients with breast, prostate and pancreatic cancer - paves the way to 'real time' assessment, therefore speeding up treatment of disease.
: k+ n) ?( t5 T; X6 S Study author Professor Peter Kuhn, from Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, said: 'If we can assess the disease in real time, we can make quantitative treatment decisions in real time.
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% F* p$ o" R% w& g5 }& w/ @ 'These decisions include predictive decisions about therapeutic response, diagnostic decisions and prognostic decisions about outcome.'
- f# m. D! H- B4 m U( s Fluid biopsies will also be an invaluable tool for scientists which can help them unravel the mysteries of metastasis - the deadly spread of cancer from one part of the body to another - it is claimed.' x9 z" D: ?, V3 M* u/ @2 _
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- D0 t5 p3 v4 x5 V The system uses dyes containing antibodies that bind to specific proteins found in circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in blood samples.
4 i- B9 M! p" T! g4 L Once attached to the cancer cells they fluoresce in different colours, allowing the cells and proteins to be identified.9 q7 \# {! F) |& p% t4 M
The resulting high resolution microscope images reveal intricate details of the cells that can be analysed in the laboratory.
s8 W+ O/ o5 g1 C6 \1 s. g% [! ? Tests of the technique found five or more CTCs per millilitre of blood in 80 per cent of 20 prostate cancer patients, 70 per cent of 30 breast cancer patients, and 50 per cent of 18 pancreatic cancer patients.
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 Scripps Research Institute Associate Professor Peter Kuhn, (right) worked with physicians including Kelly Bethel (left), to develop a way of attaching fluorescent 'tags' to cancer cells
# |( i8 G" ~1 Q6 r$ |- E The findings are published in the Institute of Physics journal Physical Biology.
0 A$ ~ Z/ e+ _& q* {! K7 L Dr Kelly Bethel, senior clinical investigator in Prof Kuhn’s team, said: 'The high definition method gives a detailed portrait of these elusive cells that are caught in the act of spreading around the body. It’s unprecedented - we’ve never been able to see them routinely and in high definition like this before.'
/ x& ]+ u( u' R) w$ t; E, Z Dr Larry Nagahara of the US National Cancer Institute, which set up the research under its Physical Sciences in Oncology initiative, said: 'The science behind this approach, and the ability to obtain more detailed information about CTCs in a timely fashion, opens up opportunities to address some of the outstanding problems in cancer, such as drug-resistance.
7 [. F( p8 O$ w2 Y( T4 k3 g 'Bringing a physical sciences approach to a medical need has potential for profound consequences to greatly benefit cancer patients.'
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发表于 2012-2-7 22:04
