牙周炎和糖尿病的相互影响

qianqianhaixiao

我翻译的，前辈们帮忙指点一下哈！2 `9 e8 M9 l, E4 }; _' m
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1.Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship
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Abstract5 w: d" m4 Z8 j9 E3 M" O7 }7 l! h7 V. X
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease characterised by destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth (the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone). It is highly prevalent (severe periodontitis affects 10–15% of adults) and has multiple negative impacts on quality of life. Epidemiological data confirm that diabetes is a major risk factor for periodontitis; susceptibility to periodontitis is increased by approximately threefold in people with diabetes. There is a clear relationship between degree of hyperglycaemia and severity of periodontitis. The mechanisms that underpin the links between these two conditions are not completely understood, but involve aspects of immune functioning, neutrophil activity, and cytokine biology. There is emerging evidence to support the existence of a two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontitis, with diabetes increasing the risk for periodontitis, and periodontal inflammation negatively affecting glycaemic control. Incidences of macroalbuminuria and end-stage renal disease are increased twofold and threefold, respectively, in diabetic individuals who also have severe periodontitis compared to diabetic individuals without severe periodontitis. Furthermore, the risk of cardiorenal mortality (ischaemic heart disease and diabetic nephropathy combined) is three times higher in diabetic people with severe periodontitis than in diabetic people without severe periodontitis. Treatment of periodontitis is associated with HbA1c reductions of approximately 0.4%. Oral and periodontal health should be promoted as integral components of diabetes management.; B+ g9 U" M, a( h" ]( Q
Keywords: Diabetes, Diabetes complications, Periodontal diseases, Periodontitis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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1.   牙周炎和糖尿病: 相互影响0 W1 m$ x: ?8 q4 [
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摘要
: k( y- k9 m) v- A牙周炎是一种常见的以牙支持组织（牙周膜和牙槽骨）破坏为特点的慢性炎症性疾病. 它常见(10–15%的成年人患重度牙周炎) 并多方面降低生活质量. 流行病学数据显示糖尿病是牙周炎的一个主要危险因素; 糖尿病人患牙周炎是非糖尿病人的两倍. 高血糖症的程度与牙周炎的严重程度明确相关. 两者相互联系的基本机制尚不清楚,但包含免疫功能，中性粒细胞的活动，细胞因子生物学等方面. 有新证据证明糖尿病和牙周炎的相互关联、糖尿病增加牙周炎的风险以及牙周炎与糖控制呈负相关.与不伴重度牙周炎糖尿病患者相比，伴重度牙周炎糖尿病患者大量蛋白尿和晚期肾病的发生率分别呈两倍和三倍增加. 此外,伴重度牙周炎糖尿病患者心肾死亡率（缺血性心脏病合并糖尿病肾病）是不伴重度牙周炎糖尿病患者的三倍. 治疗牙周炎可减少糖化血红蛋白约0.4%. 口腔和牙周健康是糖尿病控制不可或缺的组成部分." W0 k: N8 C0 z1 ~" V% p) h: D" P
Keywords: 糖尿病, 糖尿病并发症, 牙周病, 牙周炎, I型糖尿病, II型糖尿病( y3 B0 g  @" ]% b( x" g. ^

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长知识了，谢谢