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楼主
发表于 2010-5-22 12:24 |显示全部帖子
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本帖最后由 oldmac7 于 2010-5-22 12:36 编辑 - g, b: S* A0 n/ U
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干细胞从发育潜能上分其实有很多分类:! N$ `/ j# Y( v- `! g
包括全能性干细胞(Totipotential)-如Zygote (fertilized egg), blastomere . r, B3 ^* v; I" S
、多能性干细胞(Pluripotential)-如Cultured human ES cells* ~' s3 H% Z: |/ l  d! z& ^
、多向干细胞(Multipotential)-如Hematopoietic cells 、Oligopotential-如Myeloid precursor .....单能干细胞(Unipotential)-如Mast cell precursor和无分化能力干细胞(Nullipotential)-如Terminally differentiated cell e.g. Red blood cell1 k: i1 \. Y# D9 D! o
等.' m. f' e. S3 n' e& v
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干细胞来源有: 胚胎干细胞, 成体干细胞- 脐带血, 骨髓, 周边血, 脂肪和其它未发现的组织. 另外就是:诱导干细胞.
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在治疗方面, 当然最好是用全能性干细胞[如Zygote (fertilized egg)],其次就是多能性干细胞(如胚胎干细胞); 但因为要杀死一个生命, 所以在不少国家这是不允许的.
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. m+ ~" r2 u" N1 k( ]$ @所以, 要治疗; 只好从成体干细胞或诱导干细胞中去着手.

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沙发
发表于 2010-5-22 12:42 |显示全部帖子
一个在国外用脐带血治疗关于肝病的PROTOCOL的例子(由提供治疗的公司做提供的):
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" N" Z1 i. p" Y- f, gStem Cell Therapy treatment Liver Disease
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stem cell therapy: Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Cancer of the liver, Wilson's disease, Primary sclerosing cholangitis, Primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune disease of small bile ducts, Gilbert's syndrome, Glycogen storage disease type II.4 B2 p( q  R5 ]; r% B$ L
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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
5 S$ A" t# \  r2 i$ F8 KPR Log (Press Release) – Jan 06, 2010
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Liver Disease Stem Cell Treatment: There is a hope apart from waiting for Liver transplant.
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7 `; ]8 U$ P9 z3 v" U& y+ e) L, ?Stem Cell therapy for Liver disease:- \$ e" w" T' k; x" M1 N
A selection of Conditions: Hepatitis, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Cirrhosis, Cancer of the liver, Wilson's disease, Primary sclerosing cholangitis, Primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune disease of small bile ducts.Budd-Chiari syndrome, Gilbert's syndrome, Glycogen storage disease type II.
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( l* l/ n2 e- l4 Q( J  MWhat ever your condition, please contact us. If we feel your condtion is not effectively treatable with stem cells, we can perhaps assist you in seeking other alternatives.
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2 D/ A9 h; X% a! Y* Q! p. }Example protocol: Stem cells: Umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells:
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( K# p; D; ^  h3 BCD34+ stem cells
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20,000,000 stem cells+ f) Z  a$ ~0 m2 c  f
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   * 4x CD34+ via IV injection (5,000,000 each injection)
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# K- I# J: j, n5 P' r5 Y4 ]/ }+ F2 H6 W5 N
4 x stem cell growth factor specific to condition type
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$ F3 [- _1 m3 P) P/ GIn some cases we will include very high dose hepatocyte growth factors up to 10 times before/during and after stem cell therapy.
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Depending on the condition being treated and the level of the progression/severaity of the condition, a treatment plan will be given. This may well intail follow up treatments as our doctors will give in their view, the program which will potentially give optimum benifit to the patient. The cost of treatment can also vary slightly depending of the amount of cells, additional elements to treatment and/or if hospitalization is required.: W5 @2 o1 e) g

& I" \7 k$ A) x- h& p" kExample daily stem cell therapy treatment plan:$ p# y3 ?# T" ]- m" _2 k
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Treatment plan:- s* e8 L# J, Y& k% D

/ Z; q8 B% _! R/ M* @4 eDay 1:( y' C3 j3 T$ K+ x) u1 G1 \

$ J# a4 B, O$ Z/ q/ M   * Medical check up. @, {, a7 I1 V) e& R" q, {
   * Pathology and blood screening# G: B% d( _$ u, R

3 q: o  a0 m/ {  yDay 2:
2 M6 _4 f7 d, W" N; p1 j$ ~6 h1 ~
% _  Q" g( z9 _; P& J   * Stem Cells: CD34+ via IV injection : 5,000,000 stem cells
* Q$ r  e1 t( C+ H3 Q$ m% k/ i# b   * Stem Cell growth factor injection
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Day 3:
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   * Stem Cells: CD34+ via IV injection : 5,000,000 stem cells
9 i" a+ r6 x6 @. `( `- B# y" c5 E- `   * Stem Cell growth factor injection
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Day 4:. w2 o; ^& B% b; W3 u/ n

) d& V4 S8 y0 d  Q- [3 T   * Clear
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Day 5:
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   * Stem Cells: CD34+ via IV injection : 5,000,000 stem cells
9 Z0 t+ T  D  z9 W& P. a. y   * Stem Cell growth factor injection3 Q& M' J8 J$ R0 y$ b8 w8 |( u

. ?/ ~! B2 F+ O' ^9 d6 [* Y4 _0 cDay 6:" ?, a6 F6 X4 r% h) X
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   * Stem Cells: CD34+ via IV injection : 5,000,000 stem cells- }( Q1 y9 _0 {. K  A" m
   * Stem Cell growth factor injection- }! q5 f9 P+ B0 I  r# h- S% c6 k
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Day 7:
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   * After therapy care discussion
5 k4 T3 M4 {9 o# M% q3 c   * Collection of 3 month supply of condition specific cell nutrition
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Comments and updates on patient over past 2 months:- ~* S" M: J/ n# D0 B% _9 ^& i

/ O( n0 E$ r  nThe Patient was in a very advanced stage of Liver disease, his SGOT level before treatment was sitting at 43 U/L and SGPT was sitting at 27 U/L, his albumin levels were very low, sitting at 2.8 g/dl. His ascites was very far advanced and causing him mobility and breathing problem. The British medical service could only offer a waiting list place for Liver Transplant.1 ~& G# T( Q+ n0 r2 x$ U$ k

. H2 f0 D0 ~0 }* f7 K6 b8 ]+ \After administration of stem cells his ascities continued to cause him problems and we performed an abdominal tapping procedure to remove around 3 litres of fluid. This came straight back and worsened. The Patient went for a second tapping and this has now not returned.3 z( F, C7 A; }- _

3 ~; M0 @* _  BHe is now urinating alot during the day, compared to before treatment, when he recalls maybe once or twice a day.
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Second liver function tests show SGOT sitting at 27 U/L and SGPT sitting at 19 U/L, this would suggest if interpreted in a positive manner, a lowering of liver cells being destroyed. Taking into account his increase in urination, ascites not returning and the lowering of enzyme levels indicating liver cells bursting, we should think in a positive manner.
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% G5 b: K1 V4 _* e# BThe Patient now has virtually no water retention and is nearly having a flat stomach, which is a very good sign in such little time.& T' a& I7 u- m0 o
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...............................................................................................................................& z6 R- O( y. u* p: J0 U
The Patient will undergo a second course of stem cell treatment:4 |" j: e, u  p* N

0 a, ~8 v. Z4 t1 Q" e. o; G3 months:
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Each month, i2 H* F( P+ u) P' Y9 Z4 g
5,000,000 cd34+ stem cells
* P% c1 Z6 i! q0 J9 X5,000,000 mesenchymal stem cells# @* e( x; m4 Z4 l$ E" C
2 x high dose hepatocyte growth factor, Q+ F  j2 Y. f; @6 V

+ W/ l" _: D- Y; o9 H8 E# K- x. U% B" KTreatment location: Bangkok, Thailand% ~# k4 R. e) i. c) p8 M! N
$ |9 k# r0 u3 C$ X- R3 ^& _  X2 d- g
Luxury accommodation: provided for upto 9 nights
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The cost of the example protocol listed above is:* P9 D3 F3 V$ |! U2 X! q  f
$25,000- $35,000 USD depending of growth factor course and length of stay2 ^6 D* P7 i9 ]' f6 X
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藤椅
发表于 2010-5-22 23:51 |显示全部帖子
回复 7# lili9999 : O) c7 C+ O0 d8 h+ k; T

! t) W5 g  L5 k' z" n5 T% G除诱导干细胞(iPS)需要用不同的环境培养外, 其他的成体干细胞并不需要诱导培养.- t1 x8 e3 r% K1 [! a- r

) ?, ~7 C6 Q8 |9 ?. z疗程用的是umbilical cord blood derived stem cells (脐带血干细胞).
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+ I2 b0 c" V8 I8 I7 o$ A+ I8 m, s所用生长因子是: hepatocyte growth factors
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因为整个疗程第一部分是需注入20,000,000 干细胞; 所以在注入10,000,000 (即一半的所定量) 干细胞后, 停一天(第四天)来作观察.+ o# s& S1 R* A& M! H1 q: @! k

4 l$ `# D! A4 M! \CD34+干细胞的定义9 ~( `  z# C& j% I8 n( ^( K
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CD (cluster of differentiation or cluster designation) nomenclature refers to the surface protein markers that identify human leukocyte differentiation antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies. CD34 refers to an adhesion structure expressed on embryonic fibroblasts and nervous tissue. CD34+ stem cells are primitive, undifferentiated cells of the embryo, bone marrow, umbilical cord blood and adult tissue that have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cells.
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板凳
发表于 2010-5-24 11:44 |显示全部帖子
回复 11# lili9999 + V. y# w, w0 q7 Z3 n3 w& s

4 N8 S2 o$ f3 l8 l; B干细胞有造血干细胞和间充质干细胞. 脐带血里的大部份是造血干细胞, 所以一般用来医治小孩在血液系统的病. 骨髓里有造血干细胞和间充质干细胞. 所以成年人的血液系统的病, 就用骨髓里的干细胞(主要是造血干细胞).* @) L- k. h( u4 G4 B) T

' K: X, z, ^1 C# P' G; z脐带血干细胞可来自脐带血库.7 g# ?% T, ?( z. y* @0 c
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关于成体干细胞的采集, 除脐带血, 骨髓, 脂肪外, 外周血也是采集干细胞的一个途径.
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; U( L- q4 O$ f! f' c% p不要看到MSC 就一定是从骨髓里提取的. 外周血, 脂肪, 乳齿等等里提取的, 间充质干细胞就很多(相对造血干细胞来讲).
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