2010年12月09日 Nature 主要内容

uyunbilig

（选自英国Nature杂志，2010年12月9日出版）
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0 k' \  v! n$ [% O封面故事：“发育沙漏”的验证
9 G: x' M# d; ~: g1 YGene expression divergence recapitulates the developmental hourglass model / A phylogenetically based transcriptome age index mirrors ontogenetic divergence patterns7 V3 d) c6 \3 t8 @
http://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1051&issue=7325
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/ |0 l. o) F8 D/ J; n  h% j拉沙热核蛋白的结构（Lassa fever nucleoprotein structure）
3 J" x( |6 a8 c+ v* ^Cap binding and immune evasion revealed by Lassa nucleoprotein structure9 y7 F+ }3 L# M
http://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1044&issue=73258 V! U: `/ \* Z/ m3 ~0 N, K1 N

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RNase P的晶体结构被确定（Ribozyme RNase P dissected）
, s1 c$ |" I, G6 P# ^Structure of a bacterial ribonuclease P holoenzyme in complex with tRNA- Y) ], ~+ Z) i0 X% R  P/ i3 \
http://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1045&issue=73257 F5 X, E1 [) q; @/ R
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半胱氨酸残迹内在活性的测定（The cysteines that really count）: P) ~% C- l  E8 Z4 D$ g! E
Quantitative reactivity profiling predicts functional cysteines in proteomes
0 |+ s3 i2 n+ g4 Jhttp://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1046&issue=7325
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" [  n6 I8 Q& U与宇宙中气体再电离有关的谱线被观测到（A new look at the reionization of the Universe）
3 C3 j, \. U9 GA lower limit of Δz > 0.06 for the duration of the reionization epoch9 A; e2 A8 g& l! _' K8 W) X, a
http://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1047&issue=7325; C7 ?0 I1 z, u1 N# t  z6 S
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: W! g; U! \6 V- |9 C6 T" _+ Q原子运动的实验观测（Atomic motion observed）- G( _3 W& D9 i! _* P! y
Snapshots of cooperative atomic motions in the optical suppression of charge density waves: }5 m* }5 m: B2 x2 J1 D) I* |- Y/ j
http://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1048&issue=7325
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“波动-响应定律”的确适用于活细胞（Bacterial reaction to small stimuli）
3 `% T6 w$ r1 l7 iInterdependence of behavioural variability and response to small stimuli in bacteria
* s5 H6 U9 l8 s1 Y" o6 Phttp://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1053&issue=7325
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成胶质细胞瘤揭秘（Tumour cells that supply their own blood）
( y; h8 S0 R2 a, H+ P0 e$ bTumour vascularization via endothelial differentiation of glioblastoma stem-like cells / Glioblastoma stem-like cells give rise to tumour endothelium
. Q$ o8 u( S9 n- r! P6 a8 ^# yhttp://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1054&issue=7325
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# Q- H4 r* _' I% J6 x) y' C2 L与磷脂拼接酶活性有关的一种蛋白（Phospholipid scrambling）3 t3 q4 W6 l4 N$ l
Calcium-dependent phospholipid scrambling by TMEM16F/ N. ]  h! n8 S5 n
http://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1056&issue=7325( X3 S* v  g7 W9 h0 r8 Q! j) F

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  T  O" g9 [3 Y& p, w/ i骨癌中发生突变的TET（Mutated TET in myeloid cancers）3 |7 h* }0 ]' ]! Z
Impaired hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine in myeloid cancers with mutant TET2
2 y& Y6 S' J' U( P, j: Q( ^6 Shttp://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1057&issue=73254 N! ]0 l3 g! H% r% e- X; w
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5 M  E, G. ^2 n: u野生型运输因子为什么是同型二聚体？（Why use two when one will do?）
2 {% V% T5 D# C% ]6 i4 GDesign, function and structure of a monomeric ClC transporter
5 T1 I0 ~4 B# f& D+ A8 {http://www.natureasia.com/ch/nat ... 1058&issue=7325

exin11

这是英文
/ E  y% W4 y# i! M8 R; F----------------------
, z4 @/ j3 q. i( r3 R% @3 \NEWS & VIEWS3 x) p4 `4 G# r5 V/ i" A' V
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" j) M* A7 p% B6 ?* W8 b# |1 T. nEvolutionary biology: Genomic hourglass        pp768 - 769! z/ J# g4 Z0 ]
Comparative genomics studies reveal molecular signatures of the  
2 d! F- c  ~" |( k( F2 W2 q6 _controversial 'phylotypic' stage — a time when embryos of members of  
1 D& C! c$ S# p. c4 Jan animal phylum all look more alike than at other embryonic stages.  
' ^1 @* T& \8 b# P1 x& xSee Letters p.811 & p.815; y8 K! E( z0 O+ e/ B8 o- z9 s
Benjamin Prud'homme and Nicolas Gompel
$ r' o, N2 g; y* H- W  Ydoi:10.1038/468768a
  I8 f8 W& ^& k7 U5 I  c( v9 {Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468768a.html- z' R, x2 |( v+ X9 g9 Q2 U7 V

. O% y4 w+ k: h0 VQuantum physics: Hot entanglement        pp769 - 770
- F# U+ ^: M0 MQuantum entanglement has been observed at low temperatures in both  
% c" S, A/ o7 w2 R: n$ O4 tmicroscopic and macroscopic systems. It now seems that the effect can  
" L' e/ X2 U& {+ c; u, Kalso occur at high temperatures if the systems are not in thermal  
0 V* \$ m+ b% u1 F; V! N  p, Requilibrium.3 }- [% ], i: e+ B8 |9 X" I6 K1 W
Vlatko Vedral
. ?4 r5 I7 n1 N8 S3 rdoi:10.1038/468769a$ s5 F* T6 t% G: F; ^5 a
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468769a.html
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Cancer: Tumour stem cells switch sides        pp770 - 7718 A# M5 g) ~% m5 y
Tumour stem cells are proposed to be the source of tumour cells. It    E  n+ k5 ?; V; k7 g2 q) J) O
now emerges that they also give rise to the endothelial cells that  
9 a5 `' @7 U, P1 a9 ?; xline the tumour vasculature, mediating tumour growth and metastasis.  
8 M( V/ H# T- ?2 sSee Letters p.824 & p.8299 c( V" r. R* x4 Q0 J3 t3 ~
Victoria L. Bautch
3 b2 W# S1 R6 ~) q5 w, N2 ldoi:10.1038/468770a; ~, x  M5 k2 U! c
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468770a.html
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50 & 100 years ago        p772
& z& p9 h4 _  B: G7 Jdoi:10.1038/468772a
6 o5 k: i  C2 ?9 ?2 sArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468772a.html2 ?6 o' M) X6 D5 r. Y/ I# b7 M# G
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Cosmology: Hydrogen was not ionized abruptly        pp772 - 773  z3 P3 b) K4 u0 S5 r
When and how the first stars and galaxies ionized the primordial  
: T/ n9 g2 J* g. v; ehydrogen atoms that filled the early Universe is not known.  $ U0 q' ^* k# j( j4 \3 B
Observations with a single radio antenna are opening a new window on  " p2 I% ]  Y2 P+ a( r+ u! {+ i
the process. See Letter p.796" p9 j9 |  e: d0 [! m  V' _, a
Jonathan Pritchard and Abraham Loeb
  G; o3 J  w" a- J1 i2 Hdoi:10.1038/468772b
6 T4 \. o4 P; ]0 R7 K) a" J# hArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468772b.html, W- w4 c2 i9 V
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Virology: One protein, many functions        pp773 - 775
5 r0 Z3 w) t, M1 H- {- HThe Lassa virus nucleoprotein coats the viral genome to make a  ( v9 _6 m( P# k) U; i
template for RNA synthesis. A study shows that it also binds the 'cap'  ' n" z5 j' e$ e3 s, U/ x$ N% c
structure of cellular messenger RNAs and directs immune evasion using  4 t" R, ?7 k7 J1 [6 \
a novel mechanism. See Article p.7794 v9 C( V. L8 y4 F
Félix A. Rey; }8 x; T- D( W6 l
doi:10.1038/468773a
% w" n, X) u* lArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468773a.html$ ?. |; N6 o* g6 I$ F0 ]

" U2 w* G" H! a! D4 sSolar system: Pluto is again a harbinger        pp775 - 776
4 |. {  q9 R0 D$ U/ t1 vNew astronomical and laboratory data show that the abundances of the  - [- s/ f0 E. Q' C  [: [" w
two dominant ices, nitrogen and methane, on the surfaces of the Solar  
  R3 v; }9 L5 H$ X3 P; |System's two largest dwarf planets are surprisingly similar — raising  
- X0 W" j# g+ `fresh questions.
; {* Y: N( M& f) _. s5 d$ o8 `S. Alan Stern6 O% l/ F- O* f1 ]+ Y: d3 W2 {6 N
doi:10.1038/468775a
  L2 O# O* l6 h; s; {5 G3 j! VArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468775a.html2 R9 }7 h+ U0 h* r: K

' Q0 L6 Q5 |6 S6 Y( ~1 AGlaciology: Greenland's glacial basics        pp776 - 7772 d- I! w% }0 e: z# h6 U' n# O
Sliding of the Greenland ice sheet is affected by the production of  ! W9 |8 F& B$ ~2 ?% D- v
surface meltwater. A new theory shows that whether the result is a  
3 [. |/ L* `- m# S$ A; a) W' olong-term speed-up or slow-down of ice motion depends on the  / F2 ^: o- C" e5 v$ H! Q- I
variability in melt input. See Letter p.803
  \: ^& n+ j0 b9 H( EMartin P. Lüthi
% W7 B/ k/ I: ^1 v4 c+ A: H! rdoi:10.1038/468776a" l' O- O+ ^  N) @5 t
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468776a.html
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ARTICLES- p( i7 I6 n! L% l" I
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Cap binding and immune evasion revealed by Lassa nucleoprotein  * q( C( U: G+ G; ]) n+ S1 p
structure        pp779 - 7833 J5 \/ ]1 a% y$ u+ E
The first crystal structure for an arenavirus nucleoprotein is solved,  
4 n' }  T% J' G5 A! W) ^6 xrevealing some new functions. The C-terminal domain has 3′ to 5′  
, }9 u6 \* N" `# k: F/ {$ W3 v, aexonuclease activity, and it is confirmed that Lassa virus  % v0 g. H5 S: [# m7 \7 i; M* ~0 q4 g
nucleoprotein is capable of cleaving short RNAs and suppressing virus- # z7 q) P$ `" l/ G/ g: h
induced interferon induction. The N-terminal domain contains a unique  
  {( H# W/ r8 S1 jcap-binding feature, which has implications for understanding the  
* \8 C' z7 U4 [9 L+ M- M9 C6 y+ odistinctive cap-snatching mechanism of arenaviruses.5 e( L  f: k5 N# O, h. ?
Xiaoxuan Qi et al.8 m* q! A0 Q4 u9 W1 ^
doi:10.1038/nature096053 {/ q( y5 `  f) @0 S
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09605.html% t0 O6 p7 R2 @' Z( i$ _8 ^
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09605.html
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Structure of a bacterial ribonuclease P holoenzyme in complex with  
1 l% Y' X0 p3 l1 R' FtRNA        pp784 - 7897 M: Y# b  R/ f0 V0 Q& \& m0 D
tRNAs are synthesized in a premature form that requires trimming of  
/ W, J0 o2 M6 |! z1 u7 cthe 5′ and 3′ ends and modification of specific nucleotides. RNase  ( i) P4 g; R$ R- B
P, a complex containing a long catalytic RNA and a protein cofactor,  
7 A  h7 o+ W) H8 fcatalyses the cleavage that generates the mature 5′ end. Here, the  
$ I. \; E6 K, L! Ustructure of RNase P bound to mature tRNAPhe is solved. Recognition of  8 F7 x* s7 J7 ]# l( i* ]
the leader sequence and its mechanism of cleavage is determined by  
4 s  ~& h8 e" ]( V( R/ B$ F  ]soaking an oligonucleotide corresponding to the premature 5′ end into  
! z$ l$ X0 c3 G3 c* q# `2 ]* Zthe crystal.
' v& D% L0 X; Z+ {! K( _, Z, l- E- FNicholas J. Reiter et al.
& L5 Q! S% p# U- {doi:10.1038/nature09516* y6 ]9 I& Z( C7 U! e5 l+ J
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09516.html
4 m6 n/ d0 g# _5 ?/ OArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09516.html& k4 I+ ^+ W1 f/ ?8 V  O
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Quantitative reactivity profiling predicts functional cysteines in  
7 f/ i# o4 k/ W; ~" a" m6 o$ o; @proteomes        pp790 - 795' O9 O4 P, X; c" a$ w
Cysteine is the most intrinsically nucleophilic amino acid in  7 e8 _6 _- O8 ]5 x* h
proteins, but the absence of a consensus sequence that defines  
& m+ }- ~" H' I% \" N2 efunctional cysteines in proteins has hindered their discovery and  9 r' i. c8 J6 O  B  W' o/ A! E
characterization. Here, a proteomics method to quantitatively profile  0 h0 y! M/ t( Z" A+ P0 {9 y( L$ ~
the intrinsic reactivity of cysteine residues directly in native  
$ \, H1 ]2 \2 i/ v" c( G) }biological systems is described. Hyper-reactive cysteines were  
4 g2 e, v- W9 ]2 Z) z- K4 i7 @: B" ^identified in several proteins of uncharacterized function, including  
1 w! X% F6 u9 E% [/ q: f! f; ?7 s. qa residue conserved across eukaryotes that is shown to be required for  : B! z" R, p0 ^  j
yeast viability and involved in iron–sulphur protein biogenesis.5 H; r1 F0 Z$ F7 @( k& J: K
Eranthie Weerapana et al.
- `% Y. [' i- o$ V2 x6 A+ q- Sdoi:10.1038/nature094723 w. `2 @- l1 I& R" L1 h
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature09472.html
2 g' C. G9 y, a6 SArticle: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature09472.html

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