日本研究者利用ｉＰＳ细胞再现癫痫病理（附全文）

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, O5 @3 n( G8 f$ ^. r日本研究者利用ｉＰＳ细胞再现癫痫病理
" s/ g" U- U; g新华网东京５月２日电（记者蓝建中）日本研究人员２日在新一期英国期刊《脑分子》上报告说，他们通过癫痫患者的皮肤细胞培养出诱导多功能干细胞（ｉＰＳ细胞），并成功再现癫痫发病机理。8 O1 S6 g* n9 q1 F5 x! W. w

  ]0 b8 M, z: J" `5 t( u" o" r9 O2 {　　癫痫是大脑神经元突发性异常放电，导致大脑功能短暂障碍的一种慢性病。日本福冈大学和庆应义塾大学的研究人员，征集患有严重肌肉阵挛性癫痫的婴儿，利用其皮肤细胞培育出ｉＰＳ细胞，并诱导培育出多种神经细胞。4 W' A- N* q# y4 Q: P- h, V& J
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　　研究人员通过检测这些神经细胞的电信号发现，负责抑制脑内电活动的神经细胞功能降低，这确认了部分癫痫由抑制大脑神经元电活动的细胞功能降低所致。
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: U0 I# ?! F7 S; }' N9 Q3 E: S　　此前，已有研究人员利用阿尔茨海默氏症患者和肌肉萎缩症患者的皮肤细胞，制作出ｉＰＳ细胞，并在实验室里再现这两种疾病的病理。日本研究人员希望利用上述新研究成果，彻底了解癫痫的发病机制，为开发新疗法提供依据。

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3 r! F  H# X3 mScientists reproduce epileptic pathology using iPS cells
3 b& H! R4 [1 k2 UA Japan-based group of scientists has successfully reproduced the pathology of a severe form of epilepsy by using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells derived from a patient's skin, bringing the global medical community a step closer to understanding the neurological condition and how to treat it.
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The research results were published on May 2 in Molecular Brain, a British scientific journal.
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Epileptic seizures arise when a balance between excitation and inhibition is lost in nerve cells, resulting in proneness for excitation.
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. ?" _, Y) m/ U( s' s' l$ o4 dEpilepsy occurs in one in every 100 people, with 30 percent of the cases believed to be severe forms that cannot be fully controlled with drugs.
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$ j) }5 A% h8 |5 jThe team of researchers from Fukuoka University, Keio University in Tokyo, and other institutions generated nerve cells from iPS cells, which were derived from the skin of a patient suffering from a severe form of epilepsy involving SCN1A gene malfunctions.
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8 q; @+ J, E% K" \When compared with control nerve cells from iPS cells derived from an epilepsy-free individual, the nerve cells from the patient-derived iPS cells showed a decline in functions to inhibit brain activity, the apparent main driver of epileptic seizures.
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$ K' q- _7 ?! H/ r6 f3 B2 N! RThe use of patient-derived iPS cells to help clarify disease mechanisms and develop new drugs and therapies is drawing attention as a novel approach of research. iPS cells have so far been derived from patients of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and other ailments.
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http://ajw.asahi.com/article/beh ... airs/AJ201305030047

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A human Dravet syndrome model from patient induced pluripotent stem cells' l1 e2 `4 f$ [" g' z) X
doi:10.1186/1756-6606-6-19& n" }5 d' Z1 l: C/ t; O
http://www.molecularbrain.com/content/6/1/19/abstract
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