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本帖最后由 FYH 于 2010-7-10 00:16 编辑 ! i$ v! n' ]1 D7 P
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人ES细胞自研究以来，其培养的复杂性是制约其应用的一大方面，先前的培养中，需要铺滋养层或动物来源的基质胶。由于动物细胞与成份的参与带来免疫原性，而且加大ES细胞的自我更新与干性维持机制研究的复杂性，应用的安全性和有效性更加被置疑。而最近的三项研究表明，人ES细胞可以在特定的基质上长期培养，这些研究成果报道在最近同期的nature biotechnology，[Letters, p. 606, 611; BriefCommunications, p. 581; News and Views, p. 562]这为建立ES细胞有效的培养方法迈出坚实一步，在未来的药物筛选与评价，疾病模型的建立与机制研究，甚至是基于其的细胞治疗都有重大意义。（同时附上CELL STEM CELL对此研究的评述。希望对做人ES细胞与iPS细胞的同行有所帮助。4 h4 f. x% f& o0 Q( R/ P
! u* y! \" I" C* G
. G1 @1 L( y: a @; L+ @Defining hESC culture
1 C% I/ O2 Q1 f$ h& g# m( KHuman embryonic
+ X: F8 C3 n- a3 G* _stem cells (hESCs) in3 W4 s5 @ ~! s% R
culture—at least in the
8 R$ V3 x8 v3 u/ Z7 o8 }culture conditions we have$ S& `% o* Q+ H5 s$ G# ?3 O& W
today—tend to lose their
- i6 P8 e6 N7 |# g2 u( I* wdefining characteristic- T" I, e% ~3 P, I8 N
of pluripotency. To, R% i% D$ W8 p/ t, V7 n" d
maintain them in an
/ @1 R( K! V9 a) @5 e0 y% O7 Mundifferentiated state,
9 k, N4 `( S" [; U& h3 gresearchers often rely
1 h6 R! C4 R$ @" a) T5 n2 eon complex culture
& z- |% U; H$ X( G3 h6 m5 Fcomponents such as+ T5 p2 q. U: ~* N: Z# W
mouse ‘feeder’ cells; G. Y: d, {2 F- j+ C D
and Matrigel, an extracellular matrix–like substance derived0 d4 s/ y8 V7 }8 \
from mouse sarcoma cells. But these materials are xenogeneic,
; ]" b4 S3 l& ^4 v, g' i4 [, echemically undefined and variable from lot to lot, compromising
- A! w" w. H& g8 f8 `) ]6 Tthe reproducibility of experimental results and raising safety
! [# z/ Q' S& i; bconcerns over possible contaminants. Feeder cells can already be1 b1 {2 Z4 L- b8 L7 T5 |; y
replaced with fully defined media, but a satisfactory alternative to
: n* W% ]$ c9 OMatrigel remains to be found. Three groups now report fully defined% N' X9 }. ]0 M; {( m6 W- C
substrates that support long-term culture of hESCs. Melkoumian2 @+ b* N+ ~# r* [# ]& [
and colleagues show that peptide-acrylate surfaces bearing
9 \' J; E% u$ _* }) s8 Dsynthetic peptides derived from bone sialoprotein and vitronectin
5 J0 P3 [6 s. Y2 yare suitable both for maintaining hESCs and for differentiating) I7 Q. K9 R; V, G
them to cardiomyocytes. Tryggvason and colleagues use a
1 O3 G6 x1 k3 o7 C, t4 \recombinant form of laminin-511 to culture hESCs and human' K( ~4 |. B5 T4 ]) }4 ]. I" E
induced pluripotent stem cells. Finally, Smith and colleagues2 o8 ^) _! `; e( P( ?# C) D0 M
culture hESCs on a surface made of the synthetic polymer poly[2-
/ J' B$ E& Z9 l- h% L, K' r: j- X(methacryloyloxy)ethyl dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium
9 D1 t6 f* y1 b# s' f u5 mhydroxide]. In combination with fully defined media, fully defined: R& \' ]% e B; d8 l( Y$ W3 I
substrates should improve reproducibility and safety as well as! k* U6 E3 X( m" `3 B5 ]
facilitate scale-up of hESC production. [Letters, p. 606, 611; Brief3 p: _4 ~) t$ p' V( N
Communications, p. 581; News and Views, p. 562] |
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发表于 2010-7-10 00:12
发表于 2010-7-11 18:41
