美国州政府现在开始资助大多数人类胚胎干细胞研究

不倒翁

主题：美国州政府现在开始资助大多数人类胚胎干细胞研究
: ^; v8 N) ~% `% r! j, J内容页：http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/210916.php' C# d" Z" L/ Q* Y

1 k1 \, `1 T0 I1.说明：原文来源自medical news today 由干细胞之家新闻小组成员 不倒翁 翻译（转帖请注明）
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     据最近的自然-生物技术杂志研究，州政府（而不是联邦政府）现在开始资助在美国进行的大多数人类胚胎干细胞研究。而且，各个州对人类胚胎干细胞研究的优先化程度是有本质变化的。之前很多在美国进行的研究都是国立卫生研究院（NIH）根据布什总统2001年建立的联邦条例资助进行的。& ~3 w5 C  H" h6 ~/ F
    “但总的来说联邦政府还是为干细胞研究做出一些贡献，尽管从2007年开始，每一年六个州州政府对人类排坛干细胞研究的资助要比联邦政府多一些”佐治亚理工学院助理教授Aaron Levine说。    Levine建立了一个在线检索数据库，使用者可以在这个数据库中查到六个州专为资助干细胞研究而建立的每一个基金的详细信息。目前，这个数据库包含了2005年到2008年加利福尼亚州、康乃狄克州、伊利诺斯州、马里兰、新泽西州建立的所有政府奖助，而且每年还在更新新的信息。% E' [1 ^1 l4 h/ S8 y9 U
“据我所知，这些州资助的干细胞研究项目中只有相对一小部分是不符合联邦基金条例的“伊凡-艾伦人文学院国家政策学校的Levine说。Levine解释说这是因为很多鼓励措施使得科学家去研究已经存在的胚胎干细胞系而不去创造新事物。
' \5 v9 l$ w; S4 b5 J8 p    他说对于各州在资金的分配问题上让他很吃惊，康乃狄克州和加利福尼亚州分别投资了97%和75%于这项研究。而新泽西和纽约只控制在21%。& U& Q/ b* A. w: c2 R
产生这一区别的原因之一是来源于成体细胞而非胚胎的诱导多能干细胞的发展。新近的项目，比如纽约，可能更多的集中在这一新技术上。
8 G. P' B2 o4 \“毫无疑问这些州立项目吸引了一大批科学家进入这一领域”，Levine说，“随之产生了一个有趣的问题-这些科学家对干细胞研究到底有多坚定？还是他们只是想把自己的工作跟干细胞研究联系起来从而是自己有资格得到州立资助——答案现在就不得而知了”; _$ l2 h  A- I
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States, not the federal government, now fund the majority of human embryonic stem cell research conducted in the United States, according to a recent study in the journal Nature Biotechnology. In addition, states varied substantially in the extent to which they prioritized human embryonic stem cell research, and much of the research performed in the states could likely have been funded by the National Institutes of Health under federal guidelines established by President Bush in 2001. ; F5 ^# R2 h) y' S6 D4 d
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"While the federal government still contributes more to stem cell research overall, each year since 2007 these six states have funded more human embryonic stem cell research than the federal government," said Aaron Levine, assistant professor at Georgia Tech. 4 m% A: R- c4 }( s$ }- ^
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Levine created an online searchable database that allows users to find detailed information about each grant given out by the six states that adopted programs specifically to fund stem cell research. The database currently covers grants given out by California, Connecticut, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey and New York from December 2005 to December 2009, and will be updated yearly with new information. 0 a; Z6 n3 w6 d0 J8 r& y. t0 U
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"From what I could tell, only a relatively small portion of the stem cell research supported by these states was clearly ineligible for federal funding," said Levine, who is on the faculty of the School of Public Policy in the Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts. 2 a/ t6 `5 ?6 e  ]$ R, ?

# ~! i9 C4 R" B) A3 Z1 f0 z# j" DLevine reasons this could be a result of the fact that there are many incentives for scientists to work with existing human embryonic stem cell lines rather than creating new ones. , |2 F. ]0 L9 q# B  C
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He said he was surprised at how great the difference was among states in the share of grants that supported human embryonic stem cell research. While Connecticut and California devoted 97 percent and 75 percent of their grants to this research, New Jersey and New York steered only 21 percent to this contentious field. * s* M9 U' k0 i7 ?( C

# `' `$ U7 }$ s+ V- F& H8 S% bOne reason for these differences may be the development of induced pluripotent stem cells, which are derived from adult body cells rather than from embryos. More recent programs, such as New York's, may be disproportionally focusing on this new technology.
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"There's no question that these state programs drew a lot of scientists into the field," said Levine. "An interesting question going forward is how committed these scientists are to stem cell research or if they are relating their work to stem cells now simply to be eligible for state funding - that's unknown right now."
7 L# `3 p' m9 B2 G$ m6 D" {: t4.原文下载连接
2 O- ?. x  h8 @0 c$ P+ Khttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/210916.php
) R: l" N+ ?3 ?0 l8 m6 S5.注明：个人翻译，理解不准确的语句还望大家积极指出。
% J! y5 C% R/ r0 h: X( P备注：联邦政府指联邦制国家的中央政府，为第一级政府,它是全国范围内的中央政府.第二级政府是州政府,它是联邦的组成部分.前期法家强调变法,后期法家更注重定法 。1 d# S1 K. K: o) q