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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2012-3-26 13:34 编辑
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Cellular DNA is subjected to continual attack, both by reactive species inside
- i+ c: i5 v7 X( hcells and by environmental agents. Toxic and mutagenic consequences are2 M) s, o% g5 g; q
minimized by distinct pathways of repair, and 130 known human DNA repair
9 W6 |; ]; a2 m- p$ Ogenes are described here. Notable features presently include four enzymes that) l$ p l$ |5 w$ _
can remove uracil from DNA, seven recombination genes related to RAD51, and1 h- {/ b, n& B4 L" P
many recently discovered DNA polymerases that bypass damage, but only one
9 N. t) k# S2 T' Tsystem to remove the main DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet light. More
2 P! M6 {5 Q9 r( ]( yhuman DNA repair genes will be found by comparison with model organisms1 l3 c5 i: j( s7 M$ S+ S# m
and as common folds in three-dimensional protein structures are determined.
( e3 F+ K0 h1 G/ B- @ @6 @' h# m, rModulation of DNA repair should lead to clinical applications including im-: K& a; v- y, L' }# _/ `
provement of radiotherapy and treatment with anticancer drugs and an ad-
9 F4 [4 e4 N3 G6 T% P6 `2 Pvanced understanding of the cellular aging process.: A: h, v. `2 Y0 p9 T' B
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