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本帖最后由 hsu86 于 2015-4-15 15:45 编辑 / F" a8 t4 x, S2 u' u0 ~
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近日,发表在国际杂志Cell上的一篇研究论文中,来自加州理工学院的研究人员通过研究表明,肠道中的特殊细菌或对于机体外周血清素的产生非常重要,而血清素被认为是一种大脑神经递质,大约90%的机体血清素都是在消化道中产生的,而实际上改变这种外周血清素的水平或许和很多疾病的发生有关,比如肠易激综合征、心血管疾病及骨质疏松症等。外周血清素是在肠道中由肠色素细胞及特殊类型的免疫细胞和神经元产生的,研究者想知道如果到底是哪一种肠道微生物对于血清素的产生具有效应,于是他们测定了包含正常肠道细菌菌群的小鼠机体中的外周血清素水平,同时也测定了缺乏正常菌群的无菌小鼠的外周血清素的水平。- x8 Z. W# m8 r% O$ P; ~! Z; O
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Indigenous Bacteria from the Gut Microbiota Regulate Host Serotonin Biosynthesis+ j& G6 ~1 K$ W8 i0 i" J; m# `
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Jessica M. Yano, Kristie Yu, Gregory P. Donaldson, Gauri G. Shastri, Phoebe Ann, Liang Ma, Cathryn R. Nagler, Rustem F. Ismagilov, Sarkis K. Mazmanian, Elaine Y. Hsiao$ X" Z4 j' @! v; G" C: v) a
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The gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains much of the body’s serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), but mechanisms controlling the metabolism of gut-derived 5-HT remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the microbiota plays a critical role in regulating host 5-HT. Indigenous spore-forming bacteria (Sp) from the mouse and human microbiota promote 5-HT biosynthesis from colonic enterochromaffin cells (ECs), which supply 5-HT to the mucosa, lumen, and circulating platelets. Importantly, microbiota-dependent effects on gut 5-HT significantly impact host physiology, modulating GI motility and platelet function. We identify select fecal metabolites that are increased by Sp and that elevate 5-HT in chromaffin cell cultures, suggesting direct metabolic signaling of gut microbes to ECs. Furthermore, elevating luminal concentrations of particular microbial metabolites increases colonic and blood 5-HT in germ-free mice. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that Sp are important modulators of host 5-HT and further highlight a key role for host-microbiota interactions in regulating fundamental 5-HT-related biological processes.- w1 ]! _0 |: F; ^4 x
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